Effect of 2,4-D and BA on Induced Callus, of Somatic Embryos and Adventitious Shoots Regeneration from Leaves Segments Culture of Dwarf Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. cv. Radicans

Abstract

This study was conducted in Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, AgricultureCollage, Basrah University, Basrah Governorate, Iraq during the period 1/ Mars/ 2014to 15/ Mars/ 2015. The aims of this study can be summarized to effect the different ofconcentrations of 2,4-D and BA to induced of callus, somatic embryos and regenerationof Adeventions shoots of dwarf gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.) cultivar'Radicans' viaculture of base and middle segament of leaves,The present study hasrevealed that (a) The abundant primary callus formation (100%) could be achieved onlyfrom young leaf segments (basal and middle segments) within 10.3 and 15.3 days in MSmedium containing 3 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.2 mg/L BA, and under dark conditions.1)Transferring the primary callus to MS medium enriched with 3mg/L 2,4-D for 8weeks under light conditions led to induce somatic embryos, that can be identified bytheir nodular consistency and green color.2) While, shifting the primary callus to MSmedium enriched with 3 or 5mg/L BA + 0.2mg/L 2,4-D led to converting the primarycallus to compact callus, and at the end of incubation period, small adventitious shootswas generating. (b) Results also showed that white brownish granular callus initiatedunder dark conditions on the base of the leaf petioles (basal segment) explants grownon MS medium containing 5 mg/L BA+0.2mg/L NAA, then the callus increased tocovered whole explant during the end of incubation period. However, adventitiousshoots was generated from primary callus when shifted to MS medium fortify with 1 or2 mg/L BA. Results also revealed that the middle segment of the leaf explants failed toform callus on MS medium containing different concentrations of BA used in this studybut they became brown and died.