Measurement of water consumptive use, growth, and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) under drip irrigation system

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during the spring of 2015 in the Al- Chaksaliah village in Hit district - Anbar province in sandy Loam soil texture, to study water consumptive use in different ways under the drip irrigation system, style of addition on growth and yield of potatoes. Water consumption measured in four methods, depending on climatic data using Najib Kharofah equation, depending on evaporation pan and water tensiometer and moisture sensor, water added in two ways firstly addition depth once, for Added half the depth and the addition of the second half after 12 hours of The first add-on, the study treatments distributed in accordance with the randomized complete block design (RCBD) of three replicate. Potatoes were planted on 05/02/2015, was given five irrigations before germination and then was irrigation scheduling, where perfusion has operations at 40% depletion of available water using of tensiometer and moisture sensor with an irrigation intervals of three days when using Najib Kharofah and pan evaporation equation. The water consumption calculation and measurement of plant height, root length, dry weight, total yield and calculated the efficiency of water use.Results showed, that Water consumption values increased with advancing stages of plant growth, and decreased in the mature stage, with the highest water-consumption reached in the swollen tubers stage as it reached values of 533, 405, 360 and 337 mm for the way Najib Khrovh, pelvis, tensiometer and sensors humidity, respectively, while the total is less watery consumption to plant potatoes in the vegetative stage of growth, reaching 85, 74, 60 and 30 mm for the way Najib Khrovh, evaporation pan, tensiometer and moisture sensors, respectively. The Najib Kharofah equation gave the highest value for the consumption of water in comparison with the rest of seasonal treatments reaching 996, 772, 668 and 595 mm Season-1 for the treatment of Najib Kharofah and evaporation pan, tensiometer and moisture sensors, respectively. The Najib Kharofah treatment prevailed for both ways of addition to give a higher yield of tubers and higher dry weight and height of the plant amounted and length of the roots to 40.75 Ton h-1 and 96.74 g Plant-1 and 41.83 cm and 31.31 cm, for complete treatments, respectively. And amounted to 43.19 Ton h-1 and 98.5 g Plant-1 and 43.4 cm and 32.56 cm, for the mid-term treatments, respectively. While the lowest values of the tuber yield, dry weight and length of the roots and plant height under the treatment of moisture sensors amounted to 29.28 Tun h -1 and 65.56 g Plant-1 and 25.93 cm and 28 cm full of treatments, respectively. And 30.46 Tun.h-1 and 65.81 g Plant-1 and 27.6 cm and 29.88 cm for the mid-term treatments, respectively. Tensiometer treatment gave midterm best efficiency of water use for tubers to reach an average of 8.53 kg m-3 compared with other treatments.