الفعل الناقص في العربية والعبرية - دراسة مقارنة

Abstract

Arabic Quick LookArabic is a Central Semitic language, closely related to Aramaic,Hebrew, Ugaritic and Phoenician. Modern Standard Arabic is a distinctform and more conservative than all of its current spoken varietiesand is the only official Arabic language. It's the language of theQuran and the native language for more than 290 million people.Hebrew Quick LookHebrew is a West Semitic language of the Afro-asiatic language family.Historically, it is regarded as the language of the Israelites andtheir ancestors, although the language was not referred to by the nameHebrew in the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible.) The earliest examples of writtenPaleo-Hebrew date from the 10th century BCE. Today, Hebrew is spokenby nine million people worldwide.In Hebrew, as in other Afro-Asiatic languages, verbs are formed byapplying one of several patterns or binyanim(בניינים / בִּנְיָנִים‏( binyaním, “buildings”)) to an underlying root (שׁוֹרֶשׁ‏(shóresh,“root”)). For example, the verbs הִסְפִּיק‏(hispík, “to be enough, tosuffice”), סיפק / סִפֵּק‏ (sipék, “to supply, to satisfy”), andהִסְתַּפֵּק‏ (histapék, “to have enough, to be satisfied”) are allformed from the root ס־פ־ק‏ (s-p-k), which forms words (among others)with meanings related to "enough". Verbs formed from the same rootusually have meanings that are related, often in systematic ways.In Hebrew, as in other Afro-Asiatic languages, verbs are formed byapplying one of several patterns or binyanim(בניינים / בִּנְיָנִים‏(binyaním, “buildings”)) to an underlying root (שׁוֹרֶשׁ‏(shóresh,“root”)). For example, the verbs הִסְפִּיק‏(hispík, “to be enough, tosuffice”), סיפק / סִפֵּק‏ (sipék, “to supply, to satisfy”), andהִסְתַּפֵּק‏ (histapék, “to have enough, to be satisfied”) are allformed from the root ס־פ־ק‏ (s-p-k), which forms words (among others)with meanings related to "enough". Verbs formed from the same rootusually have meanings that are related, often in systematic ways.Key words: arabic, hebrow, verb.