ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS OF SORGHUM UNDER WATER STRESS

Abstract

To estimate some genetic parameters and heritability broad sense and selection index to some genotypes selectee by selection from two local varieties of sorghum under two planting methods, traditional and honey comb. Two experiments were carried out in experimental field of Filed Crop Dept. of College of Agricultures - University of Baghdad/ AL-Jadrea, in spring and fall seasons of 2017. Two local varieties, Abo- Akefa and Red seed varieties were grown, according to five selection criterion, Earliness, less plant height, large head, higher grain weight and no. of grains per head, under 5% of selection intensity for each selection criteria to attained higher grain yield. The seeds of selected plants were collected, that represent the first cycle. There were 24 genotypes (10 selected genotypes for each variety with their origins and common varieties, Rabih and Inkath). RCBD by split plot arrangements with three replicates were used, water quantity, 100, 75 and 50% from water requirements were occupied main plots and genotypes were occupied sub plots. The results had shown that there is a difference in the ratio of genetic variation to environmental variation for all characters under irrigation quantities, higher ratio of genetic variation to environmental variation for CGR in physiological maturity, no. of grain per head and plant height (25.73, 1431.70 and 27.20, for all irrigation quantities, respectively). PCV and GCV got relatively close for no. of days to 50% flowering and to maturity in all irrigation quantities. However, higher GCV got to plant height in full irrigation, dry matter of leaves in physiological maturity in 75%, grain yield per plant, productivity and WUE in 50% of full irrigation. h2b.s % after one cycle of selection was increased for most traits. CGR in physiological maturity gave higher h2b.s in full irrigation and 50% of it, plant height in 75% of it. No. of grains per head gave higher selection index (1431.70, 1183.54 and 924.38, respectively). It can be conclude that No. of grains per head, plant height and yield efficiency gave higher selection index and higher to moderate h2b.s, suggesting that they could be used as selection criteria to improve sorghum in Iraq