Immunological Study in A Sample of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis in Baghdad

Abstract

Abstract:Background: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic disease with many miserable complications. Atopic dermatitis is a common disease among the population, with estimated prevalence of 7% to 17.2% which may occur at any age.Aim: This study was conducted to study some clinico-epidemiological pattern of the disease in Iraqi patients and with the two immunological investigations (eosinophil counts and total serum IgE).Materials and Methods: A sample of 30 Iraqi patients with atopic dermatitis were chosen during a period of four months from 15th of November 2017 to 15th of March 2018 in the consultant clinic of the Dermatology and Venereology of Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad. The disease was diagnosed clinically by dermatologist. A control group of 30 unrelated healthy nonatopic individuals (matched for age and gender) was selected for the comparison. Additionally, two laboratory parameters were investigated for their association with AD. These were: eosinophil counts and total serum IgE.Results: The rate of atopic dermatitis was significantly decreasing with age, and season of birth appeared to have no effect on the occurrence of Atopic dermatitis. About half of the patients (50%) were with long duration of atopic dermatitis (more than 10 years). There was a significant association between family history of atopy in parents and personal history of atopy with atopic dermatitis. In general, respiratory atopy and family history were found in 76.7% and 70 % of patients respectively. The significant provocation factors for AD in the current study were soap sensitivity (90. %); wool clothes (86.7%); daily bathing (60%); and climate and seasonal variation (83.3%). The majority of AD patients showed a significant increase in the eosinophil counts (83.3%) and serum IgE (90%) in comparison to control group. Conclusion: There were an obvious and significant association of increased risk of AD and some environment factors which act as provocation factors. Also, results showed a highly significant increase in both eosinophils counts and total serum levels of IgE in patients with AD.