Fragmentation of residential units in Baghdad city Applied research for the municipality of the shaeb
Abstract
The phenomenon of fragmentation of the large housing unit into smaller units is strange to Iraqi society and was not familiar with families before, because the small housing unit is a violation of the comfort of the individual in a place where all amenities must be available, and despite the deepening of the housing crisis in Iraq for a long time because of the However, after 2003, weak laws and weak municipal monitoring, people began to fragment their homes for many reasons, including economic, resulting from the low standard of living of more than 36% of the city's households or social reasons after the inflation of households due to high population growth rate. Consequently, the housing unit is no longer sufficient for a family of 10-12 members, forcing the head of the household to split the housing unit in line with the number of his children to gain independence.Personal reasons are another factor related to the standard of living, that is, the owner of the house to divide his house and sell it in the so-called real estate speculation. In addition, governments repudiate the housing needs of the population. Today, we face a real humanitarian catastrophe: housing in small housing units that do not have the minimum human dignityAl-Sha'ab Municipality was chosen as a sample of research as one of the poor municipal units whose inhabitants have not yet realized the process of excessive growth, thus increasing the number of families in them requiring new housing units.
Keywords
1-Residential unit: Each building or part of it is originally intended for housing and has a separate door and entrance leading to the road without passing through another housing unit, whether occupied at the time of the census with one or more beds or was not occupied. 2-Fragmentation of the housing unit: is the fission of the housing unit to more than part and less space to be inhabited by a family with complete independence, a way that people resorted after narrowed avenues. 3-City morphology: is an expression of the interaction of function with the form to produce the so-called visible part, Town Scape. It includes the uses of urban land and street systems and the shape of buildings.4-Family: is the first building block in the structure of society, and it is on two types of small families, which consists of the father and mother, children and extended family to add to the ancestors of the parents, which is the basis of the goodness of society that reconciled and the contrary that was built on the basis of flimsy and incorrect.5-Housing crisis: This crisis emerges when there is no harmony and sequence between the number of families in the city and the number of housing units built in it, a crack occurs between them resulting in the deprivation of a large number of families who do not own a housing unit, and the voice of loud and appear as a big problem in the country. 6-Upscale neighborhoods: neighborhoods that were characterized by a beautiful and intelligent architectural style influenced by European architectural designs and styles and emerged from the so-called expatriate architecture because of its departure from the Arab architectural heritage and inhabited by the rich class of merchants, capitalists and senior officials. 7-Slums: characterized by simple designs and inhabited by poor people and services are incomplete and are generally represent a continuous type of housing units, including the old range that surrounds the old areas and those surrounding these areas. 8-Residential standards: are the scales or standards by which the size of the housing unit is determined in terms of the number of bedrooms, ownership of the house, the quality of the housing unit, house or apartment, the type of material used in the construction, and the existence of a separate bathroom, independent sanitary facilities, and kitchen.Metrics