تأثير الرئيس الأمريكي في إجراءات عملية صنع القرار السياسي (فترة الرئيس باراك أوباما أنموذجاً)

Abstract

The first step that decision-making begins is the draft decision, where the government represented by its head presents the project to the legislative authority, and in the government the idea of the project begins either at the initiative of the prime minister or one of his ministers or advisors, either as a result of their own initiatives or as a result of a request made by a foreign government, usually The head of state has a prominent role in political decision-making in a country with a presidential system, such as the United States, where the president combines the presidency of the government and the republic. In countries with a parliamentary system, such as Britain and India, which have a head of state in addition to the head of government, the role of the head of state is only a ceremonial role, which is to receive ambassadors and represent the state in national and international events. As for foreign decision-making, it is left to the prime minister with his ministers. When we talk about the president's role in foreign policy-making, it does not mean that he himself prepares the draft decision and crystallizes ideas, but rather that he often resorts to enlightenment and rationalization to a huge advisory body that includes consultants with experience and knowledge in international affairs. The president has a fundamental role in the decision-making process but faces many challenges affect the decision process.