PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF SOAKING SALICYLIC ACID IN THE GERMINATION PROPERTIES OF SEEDS OF SOME GRAMINEAE CROPS UNDER SALINE SYRESS

Abstract

A laboratory experiment was carried out in the laboratories of the Faculty of Agriculture, Sumer University department of soil sciences and water resources of designed by two factors using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and three replicates to determine the response of gramineae seeds (barley, wheat, sorghum, and yellow corn ) to soaking in salicylic acid for 24 hours. The first factor was carried under different saline stress conditions (i.e. 25 and 50 mg.L-1) and control condition (distilled water), while the second factor was conducted under different concentrations of NaCl (1, 2, 3, and 4 g.L-1) and control treatment (distilled water). In addition, appearance characteristics (i.e. germination percentage, germination speed, germination average, germination time, root length, and plumule length) were also studied. The results showed that gramineae seeds soaking at 25 mg.L-1 resulted in a significant increase in all the studied parameters , in which barley gave the highest averages compared to wheat, sorghum , and yellow corn, meanwhile , soaking with 50 mg.L-1 led to significant decrease in all previously mentioned parameters . It was also observed that salinity of irrigation water (2, 3,and 4 g.L-1) resulted in a significant decrease in all studied parameters compared to control treatment (distilled water) and saline stress of 1 g.L-1, which they gave the highest averages. In the case of interaction between soaking in salicylic acid and treatment with saline irrigation water, combinations of SA25S0, SA25S1, SA0S0, and SA0S1 have given the highest averages of studied parameters compared to the combination of SA50S4 which gave the lowest averages. It was concluded that seeds soaking with certain percentages of salicylic acid before planting leads to an increase in germination rate and growth of seedling, and its development for the role of salicylic acid in the improvement of the effects associated with the tolerance of plants for salinity, so the increase or spray of acid gives a clear effect on the plant.