THE EFFECT OF FERTILIZER COMBINATIONS ON BREAD WHEAT YIELD IN SEVERAL LOCATIONS IN IRAQ

Abstract

Four field experiments were carried out in four sites with an area of 5 dunums foreach site, three of them (Latifiya, Abu Ghraib and Radwaniyah) belonging to Baghdadgovernorate and the fourth site (Dawr) belongs to Salah al-Din Governorate, under theinfluence of two factors of fertilizers, (conventional fertilizer and fertilizing combination),For the purpose of determining the optimal fertilizer combination of wheat yieldthrough the productivity achieved compared to conventional fertilizer and reducing theapplication of chemical fertilizers. The growth traits were studied such as plant height(cm) at physiological maturity, number of branches (branch. M-2), number of spikes persquare meter, number of grains per spike, the weight of 1000 grains, grain yield (ton.hec-1), biological yield (ton. hec-1), and the percentage of harvest index. Statistical analysiswas conducted at the 0.05 level. The program (HWSD) Harmonized World Soil Databaseadopting by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) was used to sense thegeneral physical and chemical properties of the soil for the four sites shown in Table (2).Analysis of variance was performed for each site and fertilizers independently; also meta-analysis of the four sites data was performed at the 5% level. Significant differenceswere observed between all the growth and yield traits of different fertilizers added, thefertilizer combination in all sites outperformed to added conventional fertilizer by itsgiving the highest mean grain yield (5.230 ton. h-1) and its components in dawr site. Aswell as the sites differed significantly in some of the studied traits. The effect of interactionbetween fertilizers and sites was significant in all the studied traits, where the siteof the Dawr in Salah al-Din governorate outperformed by giving the highest mean grainyield (4.805 ton.h-1) when adding the fertilizer combination. From the results of the experiments,we conclude all traits and sites responded to the effect of the added fertilizercombination which gave the highest grain yield compared to adding the fertilizer inconventional form.