أنواع الصبغات المستخدمة في المنسوجات الاثرية وميكانيكية تلفها

Abstract

This study was carried out in the laboratory of the Imam Hussein Center for the restoration and maintenance of manuscripts and the care of researchers at the Holy Threshold of Husseinia. An experimental study has been carried out in the application of ancient techniques of dyeing some plant natural pigments to a modern wool fabric in a way that mimics the ancient dyeing of archaeological textiles at the Al-Sponsor Museum of the Holy Abbasid Threshold.The aim of this study is to shed light on the ancient dyeing techniques in order to understand the complex relationship between ancient plant dyeing materials, the nature of fibers and the type of anchor (installer) used to obtain many different color grades that can be used to work as a guide to natural colors and their different color tones where they can be used when documenting historical dyes for textile collections.A range of natural plant pigments were used on wool and cotton woven, which are essential components of manual carpets, where five plant dyes were used in this study: (yellow) and gives yellow and red color, (and the whim) and gives red color, (turmeric) and gives light yellow color, (and night) gives blue color, (and saffron) gives bright bright yellow color, wet chemical tests were conducted for dyed samples using pure water first and then using some different chemicals with dyed samples Variety to identify the reactions occurring and the degree of bleeding of dyes with samples of the chemicals used, which were recorded in special tables in order to obtain(References indicated) dyesthat have been experimented with to help choose appropriate methods, methods and materials of restoration and avoid their dangers.Changes (CIELAB) and the extraction of total change values(∆E)fornatural dyeing tissue samples were calculated by color meter, where the optical obsolescence of samples was performed to see changes obtained by color over time or as a result of the effect of the conditions surrounding archaeological and mechanical textiles damage, where the results showed that turmeric is affected after about (5) hours of exposure light and saffron is affected after about (10) hours From exposure to light and yellow dye is affected after about (20) hours of exposure to light and the dye of the foiezer is affected after about (40) hours of exposure to light and the dye of indigo is affected after about (80) hours of exposure to light.This study proves that yellow pigments are the most sensitive of the pigments tested by photo obsolescence while the blue dye is the most stable in front of light, as this study proves that the shade of colors, we see on the archaeological textiles in the museum may be different from the shadow of the original colors in the past.