The effect of the variation in sources of water supply on the inundation of the marshes in southern Iraq for the period (2017-2019)

Abstract

The research aims to study the situation hydrologic of the marshes in southern Iraq contrast light nutrition sources of water to the marshes which are linked mainly rain falling and Amovea T. river as well as flood waters sloping from the Iranian highlands across the international border in the province of Maysan, and the study of the hydrological situation of the marshes during the water year (2017 -2018) shows that the average amount of rainfall in the southern areas of Iraq is about (99.9 mm) as the average conjugations rivers feeding the marshes in these areas is about (36 m / sec ) of water and revenue , which reached about (1.115 billion m 3 ) given To rule circumstances Drought during this year, the general rate of inundation of the marshes in southern Iraq reached about (27.2%), distributed by (21%, 29.2%, 29.2%) for each of the Al Hawizeh marshes, the central marshes and Al Hammar marshes. But it differed significantly during the subsequent water year wet (2018-2019) , with the average amount of rain in the stations on the west, Amarah, Nasiriyah and Basra , about ( 339 mm) The average river discharge reached during this year about (79 m 3 / sec ) and is included by an aqueous annual Capacity (2.488 billion m 3 ) , which increased the proportion of Ale_mer marshes to about (87.9%) divided by (100%, 79.4%, 90%) for each of the Hawizeh marshes, the central marshes and Al-Hammar marshes respectively, it is natural that this directly affects the nature of flora and fauna in the marsh areas, as well as its impact on the overall economic activities of the inhabitants of these areas