The effect of the discharge waste water from the chemical complex of phosphate on the diversity, Dispersal of natural vegetation and formation of grazing in Al-Qaim West of Iraq

Abstract

A study was conducted to know the effect of waste water discharged from the chemical complex of phosphate in Al-Qaim, west of Iraq, on the diversity, dispersal and distribution of natural vegetation and to know the suitability of grazing in the year between 2000-20001.Two desert areas (600 m2 each) were defined inside fence of the complex. One of them was irrigated with waste water and the other was irrigated with tab water. The experiment was lasted 6 months starting November 2000 up to April 2000.The same procedure was done during the summer but inside fence starting April, up to September 2001. All natural variety of vegetation and their densities were classified according to their binomial and local distribution in March and August 2001, using squres 16 m2 with seven throws randomly.Variety of vegetation and their densities were taken superiority when irrigated with waste water. The number of growing diversities total (9) in winter, while in summer it totals (14) with in crease in plant density compared to growing plant irrigated by taps water. Most vegetations were rich in their nutrient content and were very adaptable to grazing animals and most of them were distributed randomly. Also, new type of veyetations appeared for the first time during the two Seasons winter and summer.