Effect of 2,4-D, BA , and explant on Atropa belladonna callus induction in vitro

Abstract

The research was conducted at the plant tissue culture lab.- College of Agriculture – University of Baghdad during the period from June 2011 to October 2011. Three different explants were taken from Atropa belladonna seedlings grown on medium contain BA and 2,4-D in concentrations to determine the suitable explant, and the typical concentration of each of BA and 2,4-D leading to the best callus induction. Results showed that BA at 0.8mg.l-1 was superior in giving higher fresh and dry weight of induced callus, (40.42 mg and 4.417 mg respectively). 2,4-D that led to higher fresh and dry callus weight, (64.35mg and 6.958 mg respectively). The explants that resulted in inducing higher fresh and dry weights of callus was shoot tips ( 44.23 mg and 4.615 respectively). The interaction of these three factors levels showed that the best callus was induced by culturing the shoot tip on medium supplied with 0.8 mg.l-1 BA , and 1.5 mg.l-1 2,4-D that resulted a fresh and dry weights of 167.12 and 17.625 mg respectively