Histological evaluation of Platelet – rich plasma effect on bone healing in alloxan – induced diabetic rabbits. (Experimental study)

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus has an impact on bone healing process, Platelet – rich plasma PRP ameliorated thedeleterious effect of diabetes on bone healing process so the aims of this study were to assess histologically theeffects of PRP on bone healing in intrabony defect of maxillary bone in alloxan – induced diabetic and nondiabeicrabbits, and to correlate the effect of time of bone healing in two experimental groups with that of controls.Materials and methods: Fifty rabbits were used, thirty – five rabbits rendered diabetic by the use of alloxan (five ofthem dead for unknown reasons), the remaining fifteen rabbits left normal. An intrabony defect was created in themaxilla of each rabbit, the defect of control group left for normal healing, while diabetic rabbits divided2groups Firstdiabetic group, the defect filled with autologous PRP as experimental group -Second diabetic groups, defect leftempty. The specimens were collected at 1, 3, 6 weeks postoperatively. Histological examination was performedunder light microscope for sections stained with heamatoxylline and eosine to assess histomorphometric analysisincluding, counting of inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and bone cells infiltration. The regeneration levels weredetected by measuring the thickness of new bone trabeculae by a special graduated lens, at the end of each threeperiods.Results: Histological examinations showed that with the use of autologous Platelet – rich plasma in a bone of diabeticrabbit, an obvious enhancement of new bone forming and neovascularzation significantly more than that ofdiabetic group without PRP application, the results of diabetic group treated with PRP reached the levels of normalgroup in all the three periods postoperatively.Conclusions: this study illustrated that PRP has an osteopromotive activity that accelerated bone healing process inmaxillary bone of diabetic rabbits.