Evaluation of inorganic ions and enzymes levels in saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy subjects

Abstract

Background: Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of tissues supporting the teeth. Inorganic ions andsalivary enzymes have been most intensely studied as a potential marker for periodontal disease. This study aimed todetect sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium ions level in saliva & also to assess the activity of creatin kinase(CK) and gamma glutamyle tranferase (GGT) enzymes in saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis and healthysubjects and correlate the mean salivary levels of these ions and enzymes with clinical periodontal parameters (PLI,GI, PPD and CAL).Materials and Methods: The study sample consists of (23) patients with chronic periodontitis and (12) healthy subjectsof both gender with age ranged (35-45) years .Plaque index (PLI). Gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD)and clinical attachment level (CAL) are the periodontal parameters used in this study, un stimulated saliva samplewere collected from all subjects and the levels of sodium, calcium, Magnesium, potassium, CK and GGT enzymes ineach specimen were analyzed for each group .A statistical analysis was done to estimate the levels of these ionsand enzymes in saliva and correlate the mean salivary inorganic and enzyme levels with the clinical periodontalparameters.Results: The present study showed that highly significant and significant differences in the levels of inorganic ions Na+and Ca+2 respectively was found between chronic periodontitis and control group, while non significant differencesin the level of Mg+2 and K+ ions were found between the study group and control group. Highly significant differencesin the levels of salivary enzymes CK and GGT were found between the control group and chronic periodontitis group.This study showed a positive correlation between the activity CK enzyme and PLI, GI and CAL. Also there was asignificant correlation found between Na+, Ca+2 and CAL. Concerning PPD, there was no correlation between thoseions and enzymes with PPD in chronic periodontitis patients.Conclusion: estimation of those in organic ions and enzymes in saliva of chronic periodontitis may be used aspotential diagnostic markers of disease status in periodontal tissues