تحليل جغرافي للأمن الغذائي في محافظة كربلاء خلال سنة 2011 م

Abstract

A Geographic Analysis for the Food Security Karbala Governorate 2011Lecturer Assist. Prof Dr.Nehad Khudhair Kadhim Hussein Jaaz` Nasir College of Education for Girl College of Education for GirlsUniversity of Kufa University of KufaAbstract Food security occupied a main status to which all the World countries, within the study area, especially Iraq, try to reach. Reaching it is not an easy attempt, it involved great efforts and developing planning in all fields especially the agricultural one. So what is aim here by the food security is to reach, with the agricultural production, to the stage of self-sufficiency or to be very close to it, the non- agricultural production is not included within this concept though it might provides the required money to achieve the foods security and obtaining the necessary food supplies. Most of the Iraqi governorates suffer, in the last years, a decrease in its food production and inability to meet the increasing and continuous demands for the basic food stuff which resulted from the increasing population and the high living levels in theses governorates. In this study, after gathering the information and data that relating the physical features and the agricultural status in Karbala, the researchers obtain a set of results, the most important ones are :-1-The ability of achieving the agricultural and food sufficiency in the governorate in order to obtain the food security in it and in the other governorates, because all the sufficiency elements are available:-climatic and surface features, fertile soil and the sufficient water from Euphrates and its branches.2- There is a difference in the individual income among the administrative units of the governorate, where the city center occupied the first class with a rate of ( 19% ), and the second class is occupied by Al-Khairat commune (17%) following by the districts of (Aynal-Tamur, Al-Jadwal Al-Gharby and Al-Hindiyah) with rates of ( 16.8, 16.7, 16.4) for each of them respectively.3- The country in general, and Karbala in specific, suffer from the high population especially in the city center which is the main residential center in the governorate, this, in its turn, reflects on the living level and disusing the arable land which occupied about ( 21369 000 m3) in 2011.