Types of Renal Stones in Al-Anbar Governorate

Abstract

Background: Urinary calculi are the third most common affliction of the urinary tract, exceeded only by urinary tract infections and pathologic conditions of the prostate. The lifetime prevalence of kidney stone disease is estimated at 1% to 15%. Aim of study: to determine different types of renal stones in Al-Anbar Governorate.Materials and methods: from November 2008 till November 2010 (265) patients having upper tract stone disease were studied in Al-Ramadi Teaching Hospital.All these stones that were analyzed by chemical method were obtained from those patients either by spontaneous passage, medical expulsive therapy, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy [ ESWL], or by surgical operation.Results: In this study, the age of those patients ranges from 17-62 years old. The male to female ratio was 3:1. The distribution of stones in Al-Anbar Governorate was: Uric acid stone 50.6%, calcium oxalate stone 38.1%, calcium phosphate stone 5.3%, cystine stone 1.9%,mixed(calcium and uric acid) stone 4.1%.Conclusion: High incidence of uric acid stones in Al-Anbar Governoratewhich are more in males than in females .The main cause for these results is unknown, but dietary factor (proteins) may play a major role in stone formation in Al-Anbar Governorate.