A Socio-Pragmatic Approach to Bargaining in Mosuli Arabic with Reference to English

Abstract

Since Hymes (1971) introduced the notion of communicative competence , including both the speaker’s knowledge of the linguistic rules as well as the socio- cultural rules for a appropriate use, there has been an increasing interest in empirical research in this area and in practical applications of pragmatic studies, especially speech act ones. People in different countries may analyze pragmatic doctrines rather differently from each other, and these differences give rise to a great tendency for conducting studies in cross- cultural pragmatics (Farnia, etal. 2010). These cross- cultural speech act studies have given a better understanding of what a speaker needs to know in order to perform a certain linguistic act effectively and appropriately in communication.