Effect of Temperature Degree on Germination and Seedling Characters of Seeds of Four Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars.

Abstract

This experiment was carried out at laboratories of certification and test of seeds office in Thi- Qar governorate –Nassiriyah district , and at laboratories of agriculture and marshes College, University of Thi- Qar , during 2011 ,to study the effect of different temperatures degree on germination and seedling characters of wheat seeds . Seeds of four wheat cultivars ( Al-iraq , Al-tahadi , Al-fatih and IPA-99) , Where tested for germination and related traits under four temperature degree (13,23,33and43C ) . Factorial experiments in CRD was used with four replication in tow factors. The results showed that 33C gave the higher averages of germination speed and germination percentage (68.81%and84.64%),respectively, while23C recorded the higher averages of plumule length ,radical length , seedling vigour index and seedling dry weight (8.33cm, 10.80cm , 1483.02and 8.81mlg) ,respectively Al- fatih seeds gave the higher averages of germination speed, germination percentage, plumule length , radical length seedling vigour index and seedling dry weight(47.59%,67.58% ,6.25cm ,1098.29 and 7.38 mlg),respectively.The cultivars were deffer in germination and seedling characters at different temperatures degrees , specifically Al-fatih seeds at 33C gave the higher averages of germination speeds and germination percentage (78.31%, and 94.51%),respectively , while the higher average of the plumule length , radical length , seedling vigour index and seedling dry weight(9.24cm , 12.60cm ,1875.40 and 10.66 mlg ) , respectively, were recorded to Al-fatih seeds at 23 C.