EFFECTS OF GIBBERELLIC, SALICYLIC ACID AND LIQUORICE EXTRACT IN YIELD , QUALITY FLOWERS CARNATION AND THE ESSENTIAL OIL CONTENT

Abstract

This Study was conducted in Plastic house at Horticulture and landscape Design dept. Agriculture college , Tikrit university from 16/9/2012 till 1/6/2013 on red carnation plant. The experiment included tree factors by using Randomized complete design .The first factor was GA3 with 0 , 50 mg.L-1 .The second was salicylic acid with 0 , 20 , 30 mg/ L-1 and the last one licorice extracts with 0 , 10 , 20 g/ L-1 . The Purpose of Study to declare the Possibility to improve carnation flowers in using GA3 ,to decrees the harm effect of temperature stress in using salicylic acid , improve flower quality knowing Licorice extract effect in high concentration which used by other researchers in flower growth , and the effect on volatile oil and its components. When the plants Sprayed with 50 mg/ L-1 GA3 there were significant increasing in height plant , fresh weight of leaves , while the plant sprayed with salicylic acid had significant increasing in plant height, leaves fresh weight with 20 mg/ L-1 .The plant sprayed with licorice extract 10 g/ L-1 caused significant increasing in dry weight and fresh weight of stems leaves . From the data appeared that high concentration of the three materials gave best fresh weight , dry weight of petals and best flower dry weight. There were no effect individually on specific characters of volatile oil represented in specific weight , volatile oil percentage , whereas noticed that using GA3 caused decreasing of vanilline , α- Pinene concentrations and increasing in Eugenol conc. while the high conc. Of salicylic acid had important role in augment conc . of vianilline & α- Pinene and the high conc. Effect on only Eugenol.