TY - JOUR ID - TI - Thermal Effect of External Cladding Materials on The Microclimate in Urban Environment الأثر الحراري لمواد انهاء جدران المباني الخارجية في المناخ الموضعي للبيئة الحضرية AU - Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi مقداد حيدر الجوادي AU - Ahmed Hani Rasheed Al-Tamimi احمد هاني رشيد PY - 2014 VL - 13 IS - 1-2 SP - 87 EP - 99 JO - The Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning المجلة العراقية لهندسة العمارة والتخطيط SN - 26179547 26179555 AB - It has been found recently, that many architects are using new imported materials for external cladding, which might cause an increase in air temperature of the urban environment, and creating new microclimate thermally differ from other places according to the type of cladding materials used on building façade , especially in commercial streets, which is believed that most people feels changes in thermal difference in commercial streets more than the difference in residential districts, where people are usually indoors.So due to the lack of information about the effect of such material on urban environment, the paper aimed to contribute in discovering the effect of thermal reflectivity and emissivity of number of cladding materials commonly used by local designers, in order that designers can have useful information, so that they will be free to choose the proper and the best suitable materials.For getting better and more realistic results, an experimental model of a part of commercial street represents 8 three story buildings Scale 1:10 has been built on the roof of Department of Architecture, University of Technology , Baghdad, Iraq during August & September 2012.The selected scale model has been chosen because it is suitable for taking measurements with the available infra red image camera (Fluke Came Ti32), the electronic digital thermometers as well as the suitability for the available thickness of selected cladding materials The skeleton of the commercial street model has designed in a way that it can help in changing and testing easily any type of cladding material.The experiments for six common cladding materials, shows that the material with highest thermal effect on microclimate during day time is the white aluminum composite panels, and the least effect is by using ruff white cement rendering.It has to be pointed out her that using the experimental model in this study is closer to reality than mathematical calculations even when reducing the size of the model, due to the fact that model factor is influenced directly proportional to the model scale, and because we could not find commercial streets with uniform and similar cladding material.

لوﺤظ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻐﻠﯿـف اﻻﺒﻨﯿـﺔ ﻓـﻲ اﻻوﻨـﺔ اﻻﺨﯿـرة اﺴـﺘﺨدام ﺒﻌـض ﻤـواد اﻹﻨﻬـﺎء اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻗـد ﺘﺴـﺒب زﯿـﺎدة ﻓـﻲ درﺠـﺔ ﺤـرارة ﻤﻨـﺎخ اﻟﺒﯿﺌﺔ اﻟﺤﻀرﯿﺔ وﺘﻛوﯿن ﻤﻨﺎخ ﻤوﻀﻌﻲ ﯿﺨﺘﻠف ﻓﻲ ﺤرارﺘﻪ ﻋن ﻤﻨﺎخ ﻤﻨطﻘﺔ اﺨرى ﺒﺤﺴب اﻟﻨوﻋﯿﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺌدة ﻓـﻲ ﺘﻠـك اﻟﻤﻨطﻘـﺔ ﻤن ﻤواد اﻨﻬﺎء وﺨﺼوﺼﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸوارع اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﯿﻌﺘﻘد ان ﺘﺤﺴس اﻟﻨﺎس ﺒﻬذﻩ اﻟﺘﺎﺜﯿرات ﯿﻛون اﻛﺜر ﻤن اﻟﻤﻨﺎطق اﻟﺴﻛﻨﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﯿﺘواﺠد اﻟﻨﺎس ﻓﯿﻬﺎ داﺨل اﻟﺒﯿوت, ﻟﻘـد ﺴـﻌﻰ اﻟﺒﺤـث اﻟـﻰ اﻟﻛﺸـف ﻋـن اﻷﺜـر اﻟﺤـراري ﻟﻠطﺎﻗـﺔ اﻟﺤرارﯿـﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺒﻌﺜـﺔ واﻟﻤﻨﻌﻛﺴـﺔ ﻟﻤواد اﻻﻨﻬﺎء اﻟﺴﺎﺌدة اﻻﺴﺘﺨدام ﻓﻲ ﺒﻠدﻨﺎ ﻟﺘﺘوﻓر ﻟدى اﻟﻤﺼﻤﻤﯿن اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻨﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻀوﺌﻬﺎ ﯿدﻋم اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري اﺨﺘﯿﺎراﺘﻪ . اﻋﺘﻤد اﻟﺒﺤث اﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ اﻟﺘﺠرﯿﺒﻲ ﻤن ﺨﻼل ﺒﻨﺎء أﻨﻤوذج ﻟﺠزء ﻤن ﺸﺎرع ﺘﺠﺎري ﺒﻤﻘﯿﺎس رﺴم 10:1 وأﺒﻌﺎد )3,2م طـول X 2م ﻋرضX 1,1م ارﺘﻔﺎع( ﯿﻤﺜل ﺜﻤﺎﻨﯿﺔ أﺒﻨﯿﺔ ﺒﺎرﺘﻔﺎع ﺜﻼﺜﺔ طواﺒـق ﻟﺸـﺎرع ﻋرﻀـﻪ )12( ﻤﺘـر ﻤـن اﻟواﻗـﻊ اﻟطﺒﯿﻌـﻲ )ﺠـزء ﻤـن ﺸﺎرع اﻟرﺸﯿد/ ﻤدﯿﻨﺔ ﺒﻐداد( ﺤﯿث ﺠرى ﺘﺼﻤﯿم اﻟﻨﻤوذج واﺨذ اﻟﻘﯿﺎﺴﺎت ﻓﻲ ﺸﻬري آب و أﯿﻠول )2012(، ان اﻋﺘﻤﺎد اﺴﻠوب اﻟﻨﻤوذج اﻟﺘﺠرﯿﺒﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻫذﻩ اﻟدراﺴﺔ اﻗرب اﻟﻰ اﻟواﻗـﻊ ﻤـن اﻟﺤﺴـﺎﺒﺎت اﻟرﯿﺎﻀـﯿﺔ ﺤﺘـﻰ ﻋﻨـد ﺘﺼـﻐﯿر ﺤﺠـم اﻟﻨﻤـوذج ﻟﻛـون ﺜﺎﺒـت اﻟﻨﻤوذج ﯿﺘﺎﺜر طردﯿﺎ ﺒﺘﻛﺒﯿر وﺘﺼﻐﯿر اﻻﺒﻌﺎد ﺨﺎﺼﺔ اﻨﻪ ﻟم ﻨﺘﻤﻛن ﻤن ﺘوﻓﯿر ﺸوارع ﺘﺘﺸﺎﺒﻪ ﺒﻬﺎ اﻻﻨﻬﺎءآت ﺼــﻤم ﻫﯿﻛــل اﻟﻨﻤــوذج ﺒﺎﻟﺸــﻛل اﻟــذي ﯿﺘﺤﻤــل ﺘﻐﯿــر أي ﻋــدد ﻤــن ﻤــواد اﻟﺘﻐﻠﯿــف و اﻟﺴــﻤﺎح ﺒﺎﺨــذ ﻗﯿﺎﺴــﺎت ﺤرارﯿــﺔ ﺤﯿــث ﺘــم أﺨﺘﺒـﺎر ﺴـﺘﺔ ﻋﯿﻨـﺎت ﺘـم ﺘرﻛﯿﺒﻬـﺎ ﺒـﺎﻟﺘواﻟﻲ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻨﻤـوذج وﺘﺼـوﯿر اﻷﺒﻨﯿـﺔ ﺒﺠﻬـﺎز ﻗﯿﺎﺴـﺎت ﺤرارﯿـﺔ ﻤﺘطـور )Fluke Camera Ti32( ﻤـﻊ اﺴـﺘﺨدام ﻤﺤـﺎرﯿر ﻟﻘﯿـﺎس درﺠـﺔ ﺤـرارة اﻟﻬـواء, واﻋﺘﻤـد ﻓـﻲ ﺘﺤﻠﯿـل اﻟﻨﺘـﺎﺌﺞ ﺒرﻨـﺎﻤﺞ )Smart View ( وﻫـو ﺒرﻨـﺎﻤﺞ ﺤﺎﺴوﺒﻲ ﻤﻠﺤق ﺒﺎﻟﻛﺎﻤﯿرا اﻟﺤرارﯿﺔ ﺒﻐﯿﺔ ﺘﺤﻠﯿل اﺜر اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤرارﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺒﻌﺜﺔ واﻟﻤﻨﻌﻛﺴﺔ ﻟﻛل ﻤﺎدة إﻨﻬﺎء. أظﻬرت ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ اﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎر ﻟﻠﻌﯿﻨﺎت اﻟﺴﺘﺔ اﻟﺸﺎﺌﻌﺔ اﻻﺴﺘﺨدام اﻟﺘـﻲ اﺨﺘﺒـرت ﻓـﻲ ﺸـﻬر اﯿﻠـول )2012 ( ان أﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤـﺎدة إﻨﻬـﺎء ﻤـن ﻨﺎﺤﯿﺔ أﺜرﻫﺎ اﻟﺤراري ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺎخ اﻟﻤوﻀﻌﻲ ﺨﻼل اﻟﻨﻬﺎر ﻫو اﻻﻟﯿﻛوﺒون اﻷﺒﯿض, واﻗل ﻤﺎدة إﻨﻬﺎء ﻟﻬﺎ أﺜر اً ﺤرارﯿﺎ ﺨـﻼل اﻟﻨﻬـﺎر ﻫو اﻟﻨﺜر اﻻﺒﯿض. ER -