TY - JOUR ID - TI - The Role of Shape Grammar in Analyzing Architectural Compostion [A study in the Arab-Islamic Palaces] دور ﻗواﻋد اﻟﺸﻛل ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﻠﯿل اﻟﺘﻛوﯿن اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري دراﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺼور اﻟﻌرﺒﯿﺔ اﻻﺴﻼﻤﯿﺔ AU - Asmaa M.H.Al-Muqaram اﺴﻤﺎء ﻤﺤـﻤد ﺤﺴﯿن اﻟﻤﻘرم AU - Sarah Waleed Khalid ﺴﺎرة وﻟﯿد ﺨﺎﻟد PY - 2014 VL - 13 IS - 3-4 SP - 87 EP - 107 JO - The Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning المجلة العراقية لهندسة العمارة والتخطيط SN - 26179547 26179555 AB - The shape grammar technique appeared in the seventies of the last century at different levels of knowledge. The application of the technique in architecture focused on two main goals، which have become as approaches: the first is the analytical one[reading and analyzing the architectural antecedent and explore their languages and using them in future designs]، the second is the original designs،[producing novel designs]. Most of researches lacked to clarify the sufficient aspects relating to shape grammar especially the analytical methods with regard of Islamic architecture ، the research problem concentrated on this as stipulated [Lack of sufficient visualization of the role of shape grammar technique in reading and analyzing Islamic architecture]and the objectives are [detect the analytical methods of shape grammar and exploring its synthetic potentials]، The method of solving the research problem consist of three stages ، first establish a comprehensive conceptual framework concentrated on shape grammar technique inside and outside the field of architecture،second :conducting study; in addition the selected sample and the constraint of choosing it were described [ the samples were eight Islamic palaces، four of them belong to the Umayyad era ، and the others to the Abbasid period ]،then identifying the method of measurement.The third: analytical process of the selected samples. Afterwards، discussing and analyzing the results and final conclusions.

ظﻬرت ﺘﻘﻨﯿﺔ ﻗواﻋد اﻟﺸﻛل ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻌﯿﻨﺎت اﻟﻘرن اﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ و ﺘم ﺘﺄﻛﯿد اﻫﻤﯿﺘﻬﺎ ﻤن ﺨﻼل ﻤﺴﺘوﯿﺎت ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻀﻤن ﺤﻘول ﻤﺘﻨوﻋﺔ ، إذ ﻛﺎن ظﻬورﻫﺎ اﻻول ﻤن ﺨﻼل ﻤﺠﺎﻻت ﻤﺘﻨوﻋﺔ اﺒرزﻫﺎ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري . رﻛزت ﺘطﺒﯿﻘﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫدﻓﯿن رﺌﯿﺴﯿن و اﻟﺘﻲ اﺼﺒﺤت ﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ وﻫﻲ: اﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻠﻲ اﻟذي اﻛد اﻫﻤﯿﺔ ﺘﺤﻠﯿل وﻗراءة اﻟﺘﺼﺎﻤﯿم اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎرﯿﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ و اﺴﺘﻛﺸﺎف ﻟﻐﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻼﺴﺘﻔﺎدة ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ، و اﻻﺨر اﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿم اﻻﺼﻠﻲ اﻟذي رﻛز ﻋﻠﻰ اﻨﺘﺎج ﺘﺼﺎﻤﯿم ﺠدﯿدة.ان اﻏﻠب اﻟﺒﺤوث اﻓﺘﻘرت اﻟﻰ اﻟﺘوﻀﯿﺢ اﻟواﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺠواﻨب اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻘﻨﯿﺔ و ﺒﺎﻻﺨص اﻟطراﺌق اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻠﺔ ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﯿﺨص اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة اﻻﺴﻼﻤﯿﺔ ﻟذﻟك ﺘﺤددت ﻤﺸﻛﻠﺔ اﻟﺒﺤث ب]ﻋدم وﺠود ﺘﺼور ﻛﺎف ﻋن دور ﺘﻘﻨﯿﺔ ﻗواﻋد اﻟﺸﻛل ﻓﻲ ﻗراءة و ﺘﺤﻠﯿل ﻨﻤﺎذج اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة اﻻﺴﻼﻤﯿﺔ[ وﻫدﻓﻪ ب]اﻟﻛﺸف ﻋن اﻻﺴﺎﻟﯿب اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻠﯿﺔ ﻟﻘواﻋد اﻟﺸﻛل واﺴﺘﻛﺸﺎف اﻻﻤﻛﺎﻨﺎت اﻟﺘرﻛﯿﺒﯿﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ[ أﻤﺎ اﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﻓﺘﺤدد ﺒـﺜﻼث ﻤراﺤل :اوﻻً ﺒﻨﺎء اطﺎر ﻤﻔﺎﻫﯿﻤﻲ ﺸﺎﻤل ﯿﺘﻌﻠق ﺒﺘﻘﻨﯿﺔ ﻗواﻋد اﻟﺸﻛل داﺨل و ﺨﺎرج ﺤﻘل اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة، ﺜﺎﻨﯿﺎً ﺘﺤدﯿد اﻻﺠراءات اﻟﺘطﺒﯿﻘﯿﺔ ﻤن ﺜم ﺘﺤدﯿد اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺎرة و ﻤﺤددات اﺨﺘﯿﺎرﻫﺎ ]إذ ﺘم اﻨﺘﺨﺎب ﺜﻤﺎﻨﯿﺔ ﻨﻤﺎذج ﻟﻘﺼور ارﺒﻌﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ اﻤوﯿﺔ و اﻻﺨرى ﻋﺒﺎﺴﯿﺔ[ و ﺘﺤدﯿد اﺴﻠوب اﻟﻘﯿﺎس و اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿل.اﻟﻤرﺤﻠﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ : ﺘﺤﻠﯿل اﻟﻨﻤﺎذج وﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ و اﻻﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎت. ER -