@Article{, title={Prevalence and Risk Factors of Osteoporosis in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Dual‑Energy X‑Ray Absorptiometry Scan Study}, author={Esra Omar Hameed, Hussein Yousif Sinjari}, journal={Medical Journal of Babylon مجلة بابل الطبية}, volume={15}, number={4}, pages={267-270}, year={2018}, abstract={Background: Osteoporosis is one of the major bone diseases that affect kidney transplant (KT) recipients; it causes significant long‑termmorbidity and increases the risk of fractures. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis inKT recipients. Materials and Methods: A cross‑sectional study enrolled 70 KT recipients followed in the Nephrology Unit at HawlerTeaching Hospital, Erbil, Iraq, over a period of 6 months from December 15, 2017, to June 14, 2018. All patients were subjected tocomprehensive history, clinical examination, relevant investigations, and measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) in the hip andlumbar spines using dual‑energy X‑ray absorptiometry. A T‑score of –1 to + 1 standard deviation (SD) indicates normal BMD whereasa T‑score of −1 to −2.5 SD was considered as osteopenia and T‑score of <−2.5 SD was regarded as osteoporosis. Results: Osteoporosiswas seen in 52.9% of the studied patients; statistically significant positive associations were detected between osteoporosis and low bodymass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus (DM), second KT, pretransplant steroid treatment, and Vitamin D deficiency (P < 0.05), whereas nosignificant relationship was observed with age, gender, smoking, hypertension, and serum levels of calcium, phosphate, and parathyroidhormone. Conclusion: Osteoporosis is common among KT recipients. Low BMI, Vitamin D deficiency, DM, pretransplant steroid therapy,and second KT are the contributing factors. BMD measurement at pre‑ and post‑transplant period is warranted for early recognition andmanagement of this condition.

} }