@Article{, title={Removal of Leishman stain from aqueous solutions using naturalclay of Qulapalk area of Kurdistan region of Iraq}, author={Harez Rashid Ahmeda, Shvan Jassim Raheemb, Bakhtyar Kamal Aziza,*}, journal={Karbala International Journal of Modern Science مجلة كربلاء العالمية للعلوم الحديثة}, volume={3}, number={3}, pages={165-175}, year={2017}, abstract={Clay sample of QulapalkeSulaimani of Kurdistan region of Iraq was analyzed for its chemical composition and mineralogy.Calcite (a non-clay mineral) was a major constituent of the sample (34%). The main clay mineral was smectite as depicted by X-raydiffraction patterns of the oriented slides. Adsorption of Leishman stain from aqueous solution onto the natural clay sample wasstudied in batch system. The effect of operational conditions like initial pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and temperature werestudied. The pseudo second order kinetic model fitted well in correlation to the experimental results.The rate of the adsorption process was found to follow the pseudo second-order kinetics, which was found to be increased withthe increase of temperature. The activation parameters Ea,DH*andDS*were found to be 37.94 kJ mol1, 35.34 kJ mol1and148.02 J mol1K1respectively. The sorption isotherm fitted to both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. High adsorptioncapacity was recorded for the current natural clay (455.37 mg/g) toward methylene blue. Equilibrium thermodynamic parametersDH,DSandDGindicated that the adsorption processes was spontaneous and endothermic in nature.

} }