TY - JOUR ID - TI - Correlative Condition connected with Faa' مواطن اقتران جواب الشرط بالفاء AU - Ali F. Abood علي فاضل عبود الشمري PY - 2008 VL - 38 IS - 51 SP - 319 EP - 328 JO - Adab AL Rafidayn اداب الرافدين SN - 03782867 26642506 AB - Correlative condition could be realized by a verb as in: إن تأتنی اتک ) / lit: if you corne, I will. It also could be connected with Faa’ like: ان تأتنی فانا صاحبک /lit: if you come then lam you friend. In this case the Correlative Condition sentence is free from Faa or Waw. The reason is that essentially this type of sentences is realized by a verb refers to future. Similarly it is essentially realized by a verb suitable to be put in conditional case, if it comes so, then no need to be annexed with Faa. There are many cases in which Correlative Condition sentence is joined with Faa like the following cases:• Nominal sentence whether it is introduced by negation particle or not like the following verse in the Glorious Quran:(إِنْ یَنْصُرْکُمُ اللَّهُ فَلا غَالِبَ لَکُمْ وَإِنْ یَخْذُلْکُمْ فَمَنْ ذَا الَّذِی یَنْصُرُکُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَعَلَى اللَّهِ فَلْیَتَوَکَّلِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ) (آل عمران:160)If Allah helps you, none can overcome you: If He forsakes you, who is there, after that, that can help you? in Allah, then, Let believers put their trust.• The past form in form and in meaning as in :(قَالَ هِیَ رَاوَدَتْنِی عَنْ نَفْسِی وَشَهِدَ شَاهِدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا إِنْ کَانَ قَمِیصُهُ قُدَّ مِنْ قُبُلٍ فَصَدَقَتْ وَهُوَ مِنَ الْکَاذِبِینَ * وَإِنْ کَانَ قَمِیصُهُ قُدَّ مِنْ دُبُرٍ فَکَذَبَتْ وَهُوَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِینَ) (یوسف:26 - 27) He said : "It was she that sought to seduce me -from my (true) self. " And one of her household saw (this) and bore witness, (thus):- "If it be that his shirt is rent from the front, then is her tale true, and he is a liar!• The present form joined with amplification letters (Seen and Sawfa) as in :(یَا أَیُّهَا الَّذِینَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِکُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلا یَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ بَعْدَ عَامِهِمْ هَذَا وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ عَیْلَةً فَسَوْفَ یُغْنِیکُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِیمٌ حَکِیمٌ) (التوبة:28) O ye who believe! Truly the Pagans are unclean; so let them not, after this year of theirs, approach the Sacred Mosque. And if ye fear poverty, soon will Allah enrich you, if He wills, out of His bounty, for Allah is All-knowing, All-wise.• Request sentence which includes (order, negation, invocation, interrogation and so on as the imperative form in the following example:(قُلْ إِنْ کُنْتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللَّهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِی یُحْبِبْکُمُ اللَّهُ وَیَغْفِرْ لَکُمْ ذُنُوبَکُمْ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِیمٌ) (آل عمران:31) O ay: "If ye do love Allah, Follow me: Allah will love you and forgive you your sins: For Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merci

لا یکون جواب الجزاء إلا بالفعل أو بالفاء کقولنا: إنْ تـَأ ْتِنی آتِک، وإنْ تضربْ أضربْ ونحو ذلک، وأما الجواب بالفاء فنحو قولنا: إنْ تأتنی فأنا صاحبُک ولا یکونُ الجوابُ فی هذا الموضع بالواو ولا بثمَّ.والذی أحرج إلى إدخال الفاء فی جواب الجزاء أن أصل الجواب أن یکونَ فعلاً مستقبلاً، لأنه شیء مضمون فعله، إذ فعل الشرط وجد مجزوماً ملتبساً بما قبلـَهُ من الشرط، وإن هی التی تربط احدهما بالآخر، ثم عرض فی الکلام أن یجازى بالابتداء والخبر لنیابتهما عن الجواب، وأن لا تعمل فیهما ولا یقعان موقع فعل مجزوم فأتوا بحرف یقع بعدهُ الابتداء والخبر وجعلوهُ مع ما بعده فی موضع الجواب نحو: إن تزرنی فعندی سعةٌ، وإن تأتنی فالمنزلُ لک، واختاروا الفاء دون الواو وثم لأن حقَ الجواب أن یکون عقیب الشرط متصلاً به، والفاء توجب ذلک لأنها فی العطف بعدَ الذی قبله متصل بهِ. ER -