@Article{, title={The frontal sinus dimensions in mouth and nasal breathers in Iraqi adult subjects}, author={Iman I. Al-Sheakli ايمان الشيخلي and Shahbaa A. Mohammed شهباء عبد الغفور محمد and Shaymaa Sh. Taha شيماء شاكر طه}, journal={Journal of baghdad college of dentistry مجلة كلية طب الاسنان بغداد}, volume={25}, number={2}, pages={155-163}, year={2013}, abstract={Background: The frontal sinus area can be used as a diagnostic aid to recognize mouth breather subjects. The aimsof this study were to determine the gender difference in each group, to compare the frontal sinus area betweenmouth breather and nasal breather group, and to verify the presence of correlation between the frontal sinus areaand the cephalometric skeletal measurements used in this study.Materials and Methods: Cephalometric radiographs were taken for 60 adults (30 mouth breathers and 30 nasalbreathers) age range (18-25), for each group 15 males and 15 females, in the orthodontic clinic in the college ofDentistry at Baghdad University. The control group (nasal breather) with skeletal class I and ANB angle rangedbetween 2-4º, and have clinically class I occlusion. The cephalometric measurement for each group were taken, thecephalometric radiographs were analyzed by using AutoCAD 2007 program.Results and Conclusions: In comparison to nasal breather the mouth breather has larger Gonial angle giving atendency to posterior rotation with growth of the mandible. The mouth breather has less maxillary length than thenasal breather. No effect of gender in mouth breather on gonial, SNA and SNB angles, no effect of gender in nasalbreather on gonial angle, while the other cephalometric measurements were higher in males than females in eachgroup. The mouth breather showed more anteroposterior extent of anterior cranial base; also the mouth breathershow an increase in all facial height than the nasal breathers, the frontal sinus area is smaller in mouth breather thanin nasal breather. The frontal sinus area showed correlation for both groups (Mouth and nasal breather) with maxillaryLength, mandibular length, ramal length, S-N length, TAFH, UAFH, LAFH, TPFH, LPFH, and UPFH. There is only correlationof frontal sinus with the SNA and SNB angles in nasal breather and no significant correlation for both groups with thegonial angle

} }