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The experiment was carried out in a private field in ALmahaweel city during the growing season 2010 – 2011.Using Tomato C.V local, determinate growth. Study included eighteen treatments are consisting tow factors. First: tow ways of irrigation, drip and furrow irrigation. Second: three kinds of mulching, by decomposing agriculture wastes, transparent polyethylene, no mulching (control).compete CRBD with three replication was used and the means was compared by L.S.D test at 0.05. Result showed that: Significant increasing in some soil physical properties (temperature, porosity, aggregate stability and WHC) by 9.02 , 10.57, 206.06 and 9.35 respectively when mulching by organic wastes compared with no mulching .And increasing in soil (temperature and WHC) by 13.22 and 8.17 % respectively when mulching by polyethylene compared with no mulching. A significant increasing in temperature by 5.19% when irrigated by drip irrigation compared furrow irrigation. The chemical properties had a significant decrease in ( Ec , pH , SAR and swell factor) by 81.97 , 7.04 , 221.62 and 400% respectively when mulching by organic wastes compared with no mulching . And a significant decrease in Ec , pH and SAR by 52.05 , 4.11 and133.3 % respectively when mulching by polyethylene compared with no mulching .Also Ec and SAR was a significant decrease by 42.43 and 35.49% respectively when irrigated by drip irrigation compared the furrow irrigation . The result showed also : superior qualities in (area of leaves , vegetation and root dry weight ratio , ratio of inflorescence fruits , and early and total yield ) by85.78 , 107.83 , 65.35 , 55.85 , 81.43 and 52.93 respectively when mulching by organic wastes compared no mulching . And superior qualities in ( area of leaves , vegetation dry weight ratio, ratio of inflorescence fruits and early yield) by 24.15 , 14.56 , 48.75 and 50.97% respectively compared no mulching .The drip irrigation had superior qualities in (area of leaves and vegetation and root dry weight ratio) by 126.06 , 22.05 and 69.7% respectively compared furrow irrigation . There is interaction effects between tow factors of the experiment in (temperature , WHC , SAR , vegetation and root dry weight ratio and early and total yield ) .

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Noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus is supposed to be associated with fluctuations in the plasma levels of several trace elements. There is accumulating evidence that the metabolism of several trace elements is altered in patients with noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus and that these nutrients might have specific roles in the pathogenesis and progression of this disorder. Aim The aim of the present study is to compare the levels of essential trace elements including copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and calcium (ca) in type 2 diabetic patients , healthy controls . and their possible association with age, sex and glycemic status. Materials and methods The comparative study included 100 type 2 diabetic patients and 30 as healthy control. Blood samples of all the subjects were collected after an overnight fasting for the determination of blood glucose, magnesium, zinc, copper, iron and calcium. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) was determined by enzymatic colorimetric assay to confirm the status of the patients and the controls while metals’ concentrations were measured with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Results The mean values of serum Mg and Zn levels were significantly reduced in blood samples of diabetic patients as compared to control subjects (p<0.01).The serum Cu , Fe and Ca were significantly higher in blood samples of diabetic patients compared to normal subject (p<0.01). Sex and age did not affect the trace elements concentration except Cu showed a statistically significant increase with age. Glycemic status effect the trace elements concentrations significantly. Conclusion The results confirm that alteration of some essential trace metals are associated with diabetes mellitus.

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Cisplatin is a platinum anticancer drug approved by the FDA in 1978. It is used to treat a broad spectrum of malignancies but the amount of drug necessary to produce a significant reduction in tumor burden usually produces significant nephrotoxicity. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of curcumin in the prevention of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Thirty male albino rats weighing (200-250 gm), they were equally divided into three groups: Normal group (Isotonic saline group), control group "Cisplatin group" (12 mg/kg cisplatin, single dose I.P.) and curcumin group (50 mg/kg I.P.) prophylactically one day prior to cisplatin administration and continued for further 3 days. Cisplatin administration resulted in a significant increase in serum creatinine, BUN and MDA while serum glutathione level was significantly decrease compared to that of normal group. The Sections of kidneys rats treated by cisplatin were showed degenerative and necrosis of the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. Curcumin administration resulted in a significant decrease in serum creatinine, BUN and serum MDA while serum glutathione level was to be significantly increased. There were very minimal degenerative changes in kidney tissues of rats comparing to that of control group.

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Background: The objective of our study is to measure serum Malondialdehyde level (MDA), an index of oxidative stress, and Vitamin E level, a protective agent against oxidative stress, in Jaundice patients and study the possible correlation between them . Materials and Methods: 80 patients with jaundice ( 38 female and 42 male) and 50 healthy control (23 female and 27 male) were enrolled in this study. About 10 ml of venous blood were obtained from the cubital vein using disposable needles and syringes. The thiobarbituric acid method was used to measure the Malondialdehyde (MDA) which reacted with thiobarbituric acid(TBA) to give pink color that was read at (535 nm). The concentration of vitamin E in serum was determined according to a modified Hashim and Schuttringer method. Results: A significant increase (P<0.0001) in serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) in jaundice patients as compared to that of normal healthy controls was observed. A significant decrease (P<0.0001) in serum vitamin E in jaundice patients as compared to that of normal healthy controls has been noticed. No significant correlation between serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) and serum Vitamin E in jaundice patients was observed. Conclusion: our data shows that antioxidant capacity decreases with an increase in oxidative stress in Jaundice patients but there is no significant correlation between them . Abbreviations: The abbreviations used are: dL, deciliter ; MDA, Malondialdehyde ; μl, microliter; r, Correlation factor ; rpm, Round per minute; TCA, Trichloroaceticacid ; TBA, thiobarbituric acid ; ROS, Reactive oxygen species.

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In this paper, the design of a new compact size dual-mode microstrip resonator is presented as a candidate for use in modern wireless applications. The proposed resonator structure is a result of applying two reduction techniques to the conventional square patch dual-mode microstrip resonator. First, the edges of the conventional square patch have been replaced by first iteration Koch pre-fractal curves. The proposed resonator filter has been designed for ISM band applications, at 2.4 GHz, using a substrate with a relative dielectric constant of 10.8 and thickness of 1.27 mm. This has shown to result in dual-mode resonator with a side length of 16.05 mm, which represents a size reduction of about 24%, as compared with the conventional square patch resonator using the same substrate and designed at the same frequency. Moreover, the resonator size has been further reduced by inserting a crossed slot in the patch structure. The resulting microstrip patch dual-mode resonator has been found to possess a side length of about 11.55 mm, which represents a size reduction of about 61% as compared with the conventional square patch dual-mode resonator. Modeling and performance evaluation of the presented resonator structures have been carried out using a method of moments based IE3DTM SSD electromagnetic simulator from Mentor Graphics Corporation. Simulation results show that the proposed filter has acceptable return loss and transmission responses besides the miniaturized size gained.

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Genetic programming GP is a stochastic search method based on natural selection and natural genetic, the proposed GP and novel are used to solve different optimal control problems to indicate the ability of GP as a tool of controllers design .The GP solution is compared to the theoretical and numerical optimal solutions and the results shows that it is possible to reach easily optimal solutions with high accuracy, and creates both time programming and state feedback control laws which perform good optimal solutions. A novel hybrid block diagram oriented genetic programming (BDOGP) algorithms have been introduced with a comparison among their performance when applied some case studies.

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The Arabic characters are being used in various languages. Recognition of handwritten characters of Arabic alphabet set is an important area of research. The work on recognition of Handwritten Isolated Arabic Characters (HIAC) is still an open research problem and it has numerous applications. Machine reading of optically scanned text is usually called optical Character recognition (OCR). In this paper we present an OCR for Handwritten Isolated Arabic Characters. Basic Characters are recognized by Freeman chain code. The proposed method obtains the contour of the character and then generates a Freeman Chain Code for contoured character. The obtained Freeman chain code is unique for handwritten isolated characters. The present method is based on template matching to recognize handwritten printed isolated Arabic characters. It was trained and validated on 200 images (consisting of 7400 Arabic characters written by 18 writers). Our experimentation observed the overall recognition rate is 95%. It is carried out in order to improve the rate and the performance of an Arabic handwritten word recognition system. The proposed system has been implemented and tested on Matlab R2008b environment

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