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: Al-Marzouki, Critical, Introduction

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Introduction The Question

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The aesthetics of the case and the places of departure from it in the Koran Introduction and delay model

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Knowledge development, Psychological dimensions, remains of important sites Poetic introduction, artistic image, travelers zuha, the culture, al-mu’tasim, zuhaur bin abee - sulma, Abu tammam, harim bin Sinan

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a theoretical introduction to feminist criticism, female rebellion on the prevailing cultural, cultural modeling and subordination of women, image and its significance in the novel, women and male culture.

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The majority of government units aims to develop their administrative and technological tools and means for the purpose of improving the efficiency of their performance by modernizing their administrative functions of organization, planning, control and monitoring. When government units achieve this level of ambition, they will certainly succeed in achieving their other objectives to maintain their financial and material resources and control their activities by supporting and strengthening efficient and effective oversight over all their activities and operations. One of the most efficient and modern means to achieve this goal is the implementation of the electronic operating system of financial and storage data in stores, because the electronic operating system is one of the most modern means used in the introduction and operation of financial and storage data and output as an electronic work product used in the decision-making process These modern tools have the precision of processing and speed of delivery, and they directly reflect the specific characteristics of store information. Accordingly, this study aims to answer several questions, the most important of which is the concept of the electronic operating system, and the extent to which the use of financial and treasury data by government units?

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The boundaries of the Ottoman Empire span several centuries on a vast expanse, across the ancient continents of the world, with different races, diverse peoples and multiple faiths, and the Ottoman Empire was one of the forces that influenced the course of international politics at the time, and then it was weakened by the political balance and administrative, which was governed by the laws of the sultan between the central authority on the one hand, and those who carry out that policy from Baswat and Pikatagwat... and others on the other hand. The weakness is growing in state institutions and despite repeated attempts by some sultans to restore power and prestige to the body of the sprawling empire, it has achieved little or nothing. The first reformist calls were inspired by the spirit and principles of Islam in remedying the imbalance, and the reformers advocated the necessity of applying Islamic law within the various institutions, to return to its prosperous past, and on that basis the pioneering attempts were based on Islam and its basic principles at a stage where it did not expand The Ottoman Empire in the European-style quotation, as the European superiority was not as impressive as the Ottomans and pushed them to quotation, and the Ottomans were preparing themselves a major state during the seventeenth century and the beginning of the eighteenth century, and during that stage many of the leaders of the movement tried Reform in the Ottoman Empire, doing self-reliant reforms not on the quotation from the West, including Shaykh al-Islam Saad Eddin Effendi, Osman II, Murad IV and others. The nature of the research required it to be divided into an introduction, six axes and a conclusion, the first axis addressed the beginning of the Ottoman retreat since 1683, and the signs of weakness experienced by the Ottoman state, as well as the emergence of European supremacy during that era, and the emergence of a number of early Ottoman reformers and their role in the beginnings The reform process. The second theme was devoted to the ways in which they showed Salim III in the reform, which led to his eventual execution, and the third axis was devoted to the study of the reign of Sultan Mahmud II at an important stage of the nineteenth century, with the appearance of a number of eminent personalities in Egypt and Iraq, as well as some changes of Europe. The fourth axis touched upon the Ottoman organizations, the efforts of a number of Ottomans and their influence on Western culture, which led to the promulgation of a number of important decrees, orders, including the line of Sharif kolkhanf in 1839 and the decree of Humayun in 1856, and a number of laws including the Land Law of 21 April 1858 The law of the Tarabo of 14 January 1859, as well as the state law of 1864, and its interpretation in the stabilization of the new correctional grounds. The fifth axis dealt with a brief presentation of the results of the movement of Ottoman organizations, and its influence in the Arab States, especially the state of Baghdad, and devoted the sixth, last to the features of the Iraqi reformist Midhat Pasha, the most important administrative works in the state of Baghdad, as well as giving a brief presentation Of the subsequent changes to the reign of Medhat Pasha until the early 20th century. In conclusion, we tried to show the most important conclusions reached through the research hubs, seeking reference to several related sources including a number of research and university messages as well as the use of the International Information Network, Internet, and these sources can be identified through the margins Search or list of sources.

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This research derives its importance from the role played by tax revenues in the deficit resulting from the Iraqi budget and its impact on the future of development in Iraq. Tax revenues of all kinds are considered a source of funding for the public budget in most countries. And the importance of this revenue comes research to show the role of customs taxes in financing the general budget of the state, and the statement of the negative impact of tax revenues and its impact on the state budget of the state, and knowledge of the motives behind the phenomenon of evasion of the conspiracy, as well as what is the results of the research reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which was that the General Authority for Customs in 2009 compared with other years an increase in the growth of customs revenues with a growth rate of 1.7%, although this percentage did not achieve ambition, as well as customs fees, Out of budget represents large and lost amounts cannot be recovered because of the lack of knowledge of the Customs Tariff Law No., 2 for the year 2010 was the highest percentage of smuggling in 2013 was 51.4%, while the lowest percentage of smuggling in 2008 was 0.005%, And the research reached a number of recommendations, the most important, the need to activate the role Taxation in the financing of the general budget through the introduction of new vessels within the tax structure through the implementation of new reforms in the tax system as well as control of all border crossings through the development of an efficient supervisory system equipped with modern and sophisticated devices to detect cases of evasion conspiracies, as well as work to activate and tighten the law penalties, whether in the form of imprisonment or fines or confiscation of goods so that the smuggler the degree of punishment to reduce even a fraction of the phenomenon of evasion conspiracies.

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