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In this study Oscillatoria princeps were isolated ،purified and identification from water canal in Almustansiriah University . BG-11 culture media was used for their cultivation in suitable laboratory conditions (25c°, 200µE/m2/sec) for 16:8 hrs. Light: dark. Each culture was harvested at the end of exponential phase .Organic solvents used for extraction was Chloroform: methanol at 2:1 to extract the crude active Intracellular and Extracellular substances, and evaporated down to dryness. Antibacterial activity of these different extracts were evaluated against 10 strains of gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria, Agar diffusion method was used in this evaluation. Results showed that the intracellular products which extracted beast than extracellular product. The gram positive bacteria studied revealed higher susceptibility to attack by the intracellular and extracellular extracts comparing with the gram negative bacteria. The intercellular extraction revealed higher antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus arueus average of inhibition zone was 30mm. but The extracellular extraction revealed higher antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilise average of inhibition zone was 28 mm. However, Results showed gram negative bacteria intracellular products extract has the antagonistic activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosas with 25 mm inhibition zone. also been detected on some fatty acids produced by the algae O.princeps which Palmitic , Stearic, Arachidic , Linoleic and Linolenic . the highest rate is fatty acid Palmitic 75% of the extract intercellular while the rate of 34% of the acid fatty Linolenic to extracellular abroad.

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A total of 722 algal taxa are recorded in Diyala River by different authors. Most of the identification algae belong to three Divisions: Bacillariophyceae (367, 50.8%), Chlorophyceae (179, 24.8%), and Cyanophyceae (126, 17.5%).

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Westiellopsis prlifica was exposed to 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10 ppm from both lead & Cadmium, in order to measure their capacity to remove these metals from the polluted aquatic environment and to study its ability to tolerant them. The algae were grown under optimum conditions.Westiellopsis prlifica had the ability to remove the lead with percentages about 31.57, 54.42, 62.35, 61.8, 57.02 and 68.34% for the concentrations 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10 ppm, respectively, but it was found that these percentages were be better in the last day of the experiment for some of the concentrations 1, 2 and 3 ppm, While the tolerant of it to lead was up to the concentration 10 ppm.Westiellopsis prlifica appears ability to remove Cadmium with percentages 42.32, 52.07, 58.18, 57.6, 62.31 and 73.2% for the concentrations 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10 ppm, respectively. But it is ability to tolerant was up to the concentration 10 ppm.

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This research included separate experiments under the same circumstances andtreatments, the first experiment included planting two cultivars of bread wheat(Bohouth-4) and (Cham-8) in a sandy soil and the second experiment wasplanted two cultivars of durum wheat (65-Acsad and Doma -1) in a clay soilthen were added algae-type Albeleomaraa for both experiments with threequantities of moss is (zero, 20 and 40g/ pot). The results of bread wheat showedsuperior significant in the dry weight of plant pot with adding(40g pot) of themoss note that the product (Sham -8) was most responsive to this superiority, thepercentage of chlorophyll in the leaves pot decreased significantly with theaddition of second and third level of moss, this decrease was more obvious inthe cultivar (Bohouth -4), but in length of spike (cm) pot the control treatmentwas superior in both cultivars compared with other levels of adding moss. Inplant height (cm) pot trait there was no difference between the three levels ofmoss but the cultivar (Bohouth- 4) record the highest value in his interactionwith the concentrations (20 and 40) g pot of moss. In number of spikespottraitcultivar (Sham-8) value was significant superior in its interaction withconcentration (40g pot) of the moss comparing with (Bohouth-4) and so on innumber of non fertile tillers pot the addition treatments showed superiority inreducing the number non fertile tillerspot noting that the cultivar (Sham -8) withits interaction with(40) g of moss did not give any presence of non fertile tillerspot. As for durum wheat, the 2 cultivars has risen significantly in dry weight ofthe total plant pot with adding the moss and the cultivar (Doma -1) is the mostsuperior especially with its interaction with(40g pot) of the moss, while thereare no any significant difference in percentage of chlorophyll in leaves pot withthe three levels to add moss note that the cultivar (ACSAD -65) wassignificantly better. In length of spikepot trait the cultivar (ACSAD -65) wassignificantly better, especially in its interaction with the level (40)g pot add themoss. There was a significant increase in plant height for both cultivars, but thecultivar (Doma -1) was superior, especially in its interaction with the level (40gpot) of the moss and such was the case with the trait of the number of spikes pot,the cultivar (Doma-1) has significantly value than the other cultivar, especiallywith its interaction with the level (40) g pot of moss, In number of non fertiletillers pot there is no significant differences between the 2 cultivars.

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Regular sampling for six months from January to July 2012 were taken in small, shallow, perennial, standing ponds near the Greater Zab River, Gwer district, Erbil. A variety of physicochemical parameters were determined. Air and water temperature were falling between 15.2 - 34.7 ◦ C and 15.5 and 26.5 ◦C. The waters are neutral (pH 7.38-8.27), hard, alkaline, salty, high in TDS and EC (892-966μS/cm, and rich in nutrients (NO3: 2.1-4.1mg/l, PO4: 0.33-0.62 mg / l , SO4: 24.7-80.2 mg / l ). The attention fixed on a filamentous blue- green algae Glaucospira Lagerheim, 1982) which is new to Iraqi flora. It is a filament (trichome), solitary, pale or yellowish blue – green, without sheath, Screw like coiled, motile, some of them are actively motile. In this study nine species were identified, classified and described with their original and hand drawing, photo vis.; Glaucospira sp.: syn. Spirulina abreviata Lemm. ex Kleb. and Lemm. , G. agilissima Lag., G. laxissima G.S.West syn.: Spirulina laxissima f. major Des., Glaucospira sp. syn.: Spirulina tenuior Lag.,Glaucospira sp. Syn.: Spirulina corakiana Playf., Glaucospira sp.syn.: Sprulina nodosa Scham. Glaucospira sp. syn.: Spilurina baltica Mart.,Glaucospira sp. Syn.: Spirulina magnifica Cop. And Glaucospira sp. syn.: Spirulina subtilissima Mostly they are from Spiralina Turpin ex Gomont.

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This study includes isolation , purification and identification of algae from different aquatic environments in Baghdad. Two different plant species belonging to different families were selected which were Citrilluscolocynthus and Cordiamyxa for their fruits and fruits samples respectively. Crude extracts were extracted from each plant and their antialgal activity were evaluated.Different concentrations (5,15,25) mg/ml of these extracts were prepared and their antagonistic activity was studied, and the resulted inhibition effects in ( %) of concentration of chlorophyll(a) after 12 days was evaluated. Results showed that Chloroccumhumicola was the most sensitive to these extracts. However, Anabaena circinalis was less sensitive than all other algae used in this study. Also showed that phenol was the most active against algae and terpene had less antagonistic activity comparing with all other extracts.

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This study was carried out during winter season of 2017 at experimental field of Horticulture and Landscape Department - College of Agriculture- Al Qassim Green University. This experiment was aimed to study the effect of foliar spray with nutrient solution ( prosol) and algae extract in growth and yield of cauliflower. This experiment was designed according to (R.C.B.D) with three replicates and two factors. The first factor includes nutrient solution (Prosol ) in three levels ( Zero, 1.5 , 3) g.L-1. the second factor was the algae extract in three levels (Zero , 1.5 , 3 ) ml/L-1. Using foliar spray with nutrient solution (prosol) and algae extract has showed a significant effect in growth and yield characteristics . The treatment (3g.L-1 Prosol and 3ml.L-1 algae extract) was recorded higher average in the chlorophyll content , diameter of crud, weight of curds , Perimeter of curds, Total yield, percentage of nitrogen and potassium ( 70.87 SPAD, 19.33cm , 0.695 kg , 65.33 cm , 23.18 ton. hectare-1 ,2.51% ,2.75% ) as compared with control treatment which recorded the lowest rate ( 59.00 SPAD, 14.67cm , 0.418 kg , 48.00 cm , 13.92 ton. hectare-1 , 1.21% , 1.89% ) respectively. While the treatment (3g.-1 Prosol and 1.5ml.L-1 algae extract) gave the highest rate of number of leaves per plant , total plant weight and phosphorus percentage (23.33 leaf, 1.443 kg , 0.265%) as compared with control treatment which recorded the lowest rate percentage (16.00 leaf, 0.867 kg , 0.098%) respectively.

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The study was conducted to identify the toxicity of chromium on scenedesmus quadricauda algae alone and in the presence of nutrient metal (Nitrogen). Different concentrations of chromium (0.5, 1.5 , 2.5, 3.5 , 4.5mg/L) were used and the presence nitrogen is (5 ,10 ,50 ,100mg/L) on cultur media(chu-10) with used for cultivation of the algae in controlled conditions(25oC , light intensity 380 –E/m2 /s. The results showed increasing in the toxicity of the metal when is alone , excess of concentrations an time of exposure. The growth rate decreased from 0.44 to 0.06 cell/ hour after 12 day of the biging of the experiment and of concentrate 4.5 mg/L of chromium. The intermediate active concentrations of the chromium(EC50) was increased after 96 hours from the exposure, which it reached alevel at 3mg/L, which the increase of rate of inhibition which became 64, 80, 87 and 90% respectively with above mentioned concentrations of chromium. While after increasing the nitrogen concentrations in the culture media , an decrease was detected in the toxicity of the chromium at 3mg/L . Level through the increase in growth rate reached 0.30 cell /hour after the addition of 5mg/L of Nitrogen to the culture media which contain 3mg/L of chromium. This increase was also a companied by a decrease in rate of inhibition at a level of 74%, 69%, 78%, 70% respectively with the above mentioned treatment concentrations. From the above results it could be concluded that the toxicity of chromium may be declined under the effect of the Nitrogen

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The epiphytic algae were studied on three aquatic plants (Ceratophyllum demersum, Myriophyllum verticillatum and Potamogeton pectinatus) from seven stations in Euphrates River between Hindia barrage and Al-Kufa city-Iraq, during summer 2004 and spring 2005. A total of (97) species were identified, diatoms were dominant in their species number (73% from the total number), followed by chlorophyta, then cyanophyta and Euglenophyta. Variations were recorded in the species number among the host macrophyte, as well as, among different seasons for each plant. The biomass of epiphytic algae varied among the plant host, diatoms species were dominated and several genera have large number of species as Cymbella, Gomphonema, Nitzschia and Synedra. Most studied stations showed high population density.

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ABSTRACTOne genus of algae Nostoclinkiaas dried and livingwas used in reducingtheconcentration of direct blue and reactive red dyes and color in textile factories. Theproper concentration 1 gm/L was prepared for each dye, however 0.005. 0.01, 0.03g/Lwere prepared from this concentration and used for 4 days of treatment. The resultsconfirmed that the efficiency of 1g from dried alga in reducing concentrations of dyesincreased during period of treatment which recorded removal percent for direct blueat 0.005. 0.01, 0.03g/L concentrations as 83.11%, 73.05%, 63.6% after 4 days oftreatment,while the removal percent for the same dye with 0.5 g of algawas57.44%,71.57% ،56.23% respectively. Living filamentous alga was recordedhigher removal percent for reactive red at 0.005, 0.01, 0.03g/L concentration after 96hrfrom treatment 72.88%, 61.63%, 34.75% respectively. The results illustrateincreasing in algal biomass with increasing period of treatment and algal biomass intreatment, algal biomass of 1 g after 96 hr from treatment with direct blue dye wererecorded 2.682,2.564,2.33g while algal biomass at 0.5 g after the same period oftreatment 1.531, 1.395, 1.274grespectively. Also, the living alga recorded increasing inbiomass 47.73, 43.73, 34.97mg after 96hr from treatment with reactive red

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