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The study was conducted on students of primary schools for the people of the displaced provinces ( Anbar, Tikrit and Mawsil ) who are suffering in their housing overcrowding and low living standards and low level of health.This study depends on the analysis of recorder information in special document (questionnaire) prepared for this purpose and includes some demographic factors such as age , gender , socioeconomic level , occupation , head hairs long and education level of parents…..etc. The total number of samples was (2170) students, (371) student were infected, their ages were (6_14) year.The number of infected samples were registered by direct examination with the naked eye for the heads of the students, the number of lice instars were recorded by using magnifying hand lens and the lice instars were isolated from infected samples using special combs to remove lice from an infected hairs.The results of this study reveals highly significant differences in pediculosis prevalence between male, and female which was (19.41 , 80.59)% respectively. The results reveals also that high number of infections were in the ages (7, 6, 9) year which was (20.49 , 19.14 , 12.2)% respectively.It reveals also that there is highly significant differences between infected students and head hairs long, high infected cases recorded in long hair students compared with short hair students which was (55.53 , 44.47)% respectively.We also found that the family size has significant effect in pediculosis prevalence, high infections was in family size (9 and more person) compared with family size (3_5) person which was (44.47 , 13.21)% respectively.The study also showed presence of highly significant differences between pediculocides which are used in lice killing , Nyda and Kwell-p are more effective in killing ratio (80.43 , 75.96)%, while the lotion Tic-Tac revealed less killing ratio (38.46)%.And it is found that the factor (live with relatives) is the most important factor for the transmission and prevalence of pediculosis between students, the ratio of infection is (33.15)% compared another factors.

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Human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are regarded as valuable source for cell transplantation and cell therapy. These cells in their undifferentiated state are fibroblast – like in morphology, and these cells when treated with retinoic acid, or epidermal growth factor, rapidly assumed the morphology of multipolar neurons. The resulting differentiated cells express nestin marker, a neurofilament protein that is one of the most specific markers of multipotent neural stem cells. In conclusion, the present findings support the hypothesis that cord blood contains MSCs that can be induced to differentiate into neuronal pathway and express neuronal marker.

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Leishmania parasites are the causal agents of leishmaniasis, a group of protozoan diseases transmitted to mammals, including human beings, by phlebotomine sandflies. In culture media (at 25-28̊C ,pH =7.2-7.4),leishmania parasites develop as motile promastigotes similar to those found in the sand fly midgut . Traditionally media available do not meet the requirement for the bulk cultivation of Leishmania parasites ,it requires fetal calf serum (FCS),that is very expensive and not easily available in the market. A number of studies have shown that the addition of 5-10 % normal human urine stimulates growth, leading to more rapid multiplication and a higher concentration of parasites .Urine from patients with bladder cancer were used in this study to determine the effect of Epidermal growth factor ( which is increased in level in this type of urine),and our study showed that proliferation indexes were significantly increased in the culture media supplemented with human urine from patients with bladder cancer, we undertook a detailed study of such an effect in old world Leishmania isolates causing cutaneous Leishmaniasis. We also found that urine with high percentage of EGF. Could be used as an alternative of fetal calf serum.

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ABSTRACT:BACKGROUND: Intense pulsed light (IPL), Q-switched 532 nm laser and phenol peels are useful for pigmentary lesions but with limited comparative studies in dark skin peoples and a presumed pigmentary changes. OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of IPL, Q-switched 532 nm laser and phenol 80% peel in the treatment of frecklesMETHODS:Twenty six patients with freckles were enrolled in the study. They had Fitzpatrick skin type III and IV. From each patient, the freckles on the right and left cheeks were treated with a single session of IPL or phenol 80% spot peel respectively. Freckles on the midface were treated with Q-switched 532 nm laser. Patients were seen after 1, 2, 6 and 16 weeks RESULTS:Nineteen (73.07%) patients were females and 7 (26.92%) were males, their ages ranged from 19-36 (27.53±5.88) years. Immediate darkening was seen at the IPL treated lesions. Frosting was the result at the laser and phenol ones. Dry scab developed on all lesions and falls after 5-7 days. At 16 weeks of follow up, score 1 was maintained in 18 (69.23%) versus 6 (23.07%) patients at the IPL and phenol sides respectively, while at the laser treated lesions 19 (73.07%) patients were having score 2. No one had score 1. After 16, good satisfaction was obtained in 61.53%, 38.46% and 26.92% on the IPL, phenol and laser sites respectively.CONCLUSION:ll 3 modalities are beneficial, but intense pulse light was more effective and safe..

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Abstract:Background: Breast cancer is the commonest type of malignancy among women worldwide and in Iraq. Tru-cut needle biopsy technique provides adequate tissue for histopathological diagnosis of suspected breast lumps and assessment of hormonal receptors (estrogen, progesterone and HER2neu) prior to surgical operation.Objectives: To assess estrogen, progesterone andHER2neu expression using breast cancer tissue specimens obtained by tru-cut biopsy, to correlate the findings with clinicopathological parameters of known prognostic significance in breast cancer patients.Patients and Methods: This prospective study was held within the Main Referral Center for Early Detection of Breast Tumors/Medical City Teaching Hospital and the Iraqi National Cancer Research Center/Baghdad University from May 2012 to the end of December 2012. Sixty-two females aged 25-73 years who presented with a breast lump were involved and examined using the triple assessment technique. A triple hormonal assessment (ER, PR & Her2) of the examined biopsies obtained by tru-cut needle for patients with suspected breast cancer was performed. The results were compared with the corresponding clinical and pathological parameters.Results: Data for excisional biopsy were available for 25 cases of the total number of women presented with breast lump. All of these cases showed similar histopathological results compared to Tru-cut biopsy results. Non-significant correlation was found between expression of ER, PR and HER2neu and the age of women, family history, and the site of the lump.On the other hand, a significant relationship was displayed between HER2neu over expression and the histopathological grading and age of the breast cancer patient.Conclusion: Tru-cut needle biopsy technique should be promoted nationwide in surgical departments to provide an insight to the type of mammary carcinoma, its aggressiveness, hormone receptor content and predict response to primary therapy before mastectomy.Keywords: fine needle aspiration cytology, the national health service breast screening program, estrogen receptor, human epidermal growth factor.

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prostatic cancer is a malignant neoplasm characterized by elevated level 7-8 folds in both mRNA and protein levels during tumorigenesis of the prostate. Also, HER2/neu expression could be detected in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) ,It affects androgen receptor function and the progression of prostatic cancer and the determination of Association between HER2/neu and α-methylacyl coemzyme A racemase (AMACR) overexpressions in prostatic cancer as prognostic factors. This study included 50 patients aged from 50- < 70 years and 10 healthy men as control group matched with patient group ages. Then, paraffin-embedding procedure was prepared on tissues biopsy and then, hematoxylin and eosin staining (H. and E. staining) procedure was done . Finally, immunohistochemical procedure is done on both control cases and prostate cancer blocks. This immunohistochemical procedure detects her2/neu and AMACR overexpression according to DAKO protocol scoring system. The study showed that there is no significant difference in ages (P >0.05) between prostatic cancer patient and control group (68.46±6.26 years , 62.79±8.68 years) respectively and the prostatic cancer is more prevalence in ages >69 years old which represent 56% of cases. Also, the overexpression of AMACR represent weak positive (46%), moderate positive (34%), strong (20%) overexpressions. While, the overexpression of HER2/neu gives weak positive (60%), strong positive (40%) and the death occurred to 50% of prostatic cancer patient that have strong positive HER2/neu overexpression. Those whose ages are more than 69 years old who have liability for prostatic cancer . Immunohistochemical overexpressions of α-methylacyl coemzyme A racemase enzyme and HER2/neu have prognostic marker for prostatic cancer .

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