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The experiment was out on carried plastic pots in the College of Agriculture and Forestry / Mosul University in the Agricultural seasons 2008 -2009 and 2009 -2010 to study the effect nitrogen fertilizer at rates: zero, 40, 80 and 160 kg nitrogen / ha -1 in the growth ,yield and quality of two wheat cultivars IPA 99, and um-Rabie. Um-Rabie Varity was superior to Variety IPA 99 in all growth characters, yield and quality in both growing season. Fertilization, at different rates, caused significant increases of the study season, as well as the interaction between the levels of fertilization and wheat varieties significantly in all characters of growth, yield and quality in both studied season too.

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A theoretical approach for calculating the Electron Energy Distribution Function (EEDF) and electron transport parameters (ionization and diffusion coefficients, drift velocity, mobility, characteristic energy and electron mean energy) has been established in a weakly ionized pure nitrogen (N2) which investigated for the steady-state conditions. With in this approach, the effect of the reduced electric field strength (E/N) on these parameter have been studied and calculated numerically for a wide range of (E/N) from ((0.1-200)Td) (1Td = 10-17 V.cm2 =0.354 V.cm-1.torr-1 at 0 oC) by using the two-term Boltzmann Transport Equation (BTE) approximation method. The excellent agreement of the present result with the other published data according to the proposed cross section. These analyses are carried out using a constructed computer code and a Matlab (version: 7.6.0.324 (R2008a)) scientific software

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The separation of air by carbon molecular sieve (CMS) adsorption was studied in this work over a range of adsorption pressure of (2–8) bar. Breakthrough curves showed no significant effect of the pressure on product nitrogen purity and adsorbent capacity above 4 bar. Maximum purity of about 98% is observed for time up to 60 s. Adsorbent capacity obtained is in agreement with multicomponent Langmuir isotherm up to 4 bar. Maximum constant adsorbent capacity of about 0.1 mol O2/kg CMS is obtained for pressure above 4 bar. For PSA two columns 6-steps process, no significant effect of the pressure on the product purity above 4 bar. The purity increases with decreasing the productivity. Maximum purity of 97.6% is obtained at productivity of 156 lit/kg CMS.hr, cycle time of 100 s, and purge flowrate of 1 lit/min. The productivity of 606 lit/kg CMS.hr is obtained at purity of 94%, cycle time of 60s, and purge flowrate of 4 lit/min.

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Lichen is a Symbiotic system consist of nitrogen fixing Cyanobacteria or and algae andfungus. Cyanobacteria can fix nitrogen in a peculiar differentiated cells called heterocystunder aerobic conditions, those heterocyst are the loci of nitrogenase activity. The organicnitrogen and carbohydrates produced by cyanobacteria utilized by fungi and the fungussupplying the cyanobacteria and algae by inorganic metals coming from dissolved rocksby acids produced by fungi. Culture of Nostocspp treated with MOS excreted, the newlyfixed nitrogen in form of ammonia into liquid media, which is proportions with theconcentration of the analog and detected after 6 h of treatment. Acetylene reductiontechnique (nitrogenase activity) was not affected by analog (MSO) treatment. The growthof Cyanobacteria Nostocspp was slightly inhibited starting after 6 h of treatment. The ratesof carbon fixation were highly enhanced after treatment leading to increase the number of(PGBS) in the Cyanobacteria cells. The combination treatment of Nostocspp culture byMSO and DCMU showed the following: carbon and nitrogen fixation are dependent ofeach other, slight inhibitions in culture growth, 50% inhibition in ammonia release,complete inhibition of carbon fixation and disappeared of extra PGB. Light intensities andcarbon fixation are dependent even in the presence of MSO. The cultivation of Nostocsppculture under Ar/O2/CO2 in presence of MSO gives reverse relationship between thecellular incorporated carbon and time. Electron micrograph showed an increase in PGBs ofthe lichen P. conina treated with MSO through the first hour of treatment and thendisappeared after 24 h.

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A field experiment was conducted to study the infleunce of the role of inoculation with Azospirillum SPP and different levels of nitrogen (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75) of previously recommended nitrogen fertilizer, and the concentration of some elements in the soil of the wheat plant Triticum aestivum L. The nitrogen-stabilized isosperm bacteria was isolated from soil, where previously okra and maize grown on. They symbolized as A3, A2, A1, in addition to the comparison treatment symbolized A0. The results of the field experiment showed that the isolation of isolates was greater than that of the isolates. The results showed that A3 isolation was superior over A1 and A2 isolates in most detected traits. Since it gave the highest nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium levels were recorded at 50% of flowering (2.91, 0.747, 2.33%, respectively). Recorded nitrogen levels was higher with wheat, as compared to other crops. The results showed that the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of N3 treatment were higher than the others at the end of the experiment (2.72, 0.810, 2.84%). The interaction between Azospirillum SPP and N3 gave the highest values in all studied traits. Interference between isolation A3 and N3 was highest in protein (20.80%).

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Physical adsorption by nitrogen gas was studied on seven commercial platinum reforming catalysts (RG-402, RG-412, RG-432, RG-451, RG 422,RG-482, PS-10), four prepared platinum catalysts (0.1%Pt/alumina, 0.2 %Pt/alumina, 0.45 %Pt/alumina and 0.55% Pt/alumina), and γ-alumina support.Physical adsorption was carried out by using Accelerated Surface Area and Porosimetry (ASAP 2400 device) at 77 K . The results indicate that the surface area in general decreases with increasing platinum percentage,high platinum loaded (0.45% and 0.55%) it was found that the percent increasing in surface area was lower than those obtained for low platinum loaded catalysts , and at very higher platinum loading 0.6 %Pt , some reduction in surface area was observed . The precipitation of Re and Ir metals with 0.35 % and 0.6 % platinum increases the surface area , while precipitation of 0.57% Sn with 0.375% Pt/ γ-alumina deceases the surface area catalyst .

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A Field experiment was Carried out in Autmun Season of 2012 at two locations first in AL- Hemidat / Thaljah village 20 km West of Mosul city and second at Bashiqa / Tobzawh village 25 km East of Mosul city to study effect of four fertilization levels of no Fertilization Nitrogen, Fertilization with 450kg N/ha at sowin), Fertilization with 225kgN/ha at sowing and 225kgN/ha after 20 days of emergency and Fertiliztion with 150kgN/ha at sowing and 150 kg N/ha after 20 dyas of emergency and 150 kmN/ha 30 day after emergency with clipping at three grwoth stages (25,50and75 % of Tassling) on growth and forage yield of corn variety Bohoth 106 The Experiment was Split plot in Randomized Compelt Blok (RCBD) with three replications. Most of studied Characters at both Lotaions were significantly affcated by Nitrogen Fertilization treatment with some excaptions at both Locations ,The highest dry forage weight was achevied at Tobzawh(8.4taon/ha) and Thaljah(8.59 taon/ha with , Fertilization treatment (4). Also ,most studied characters affected by growth dry forage weight was achevied at Tobzawh(8.97tons/ha) and(8.2 tons/ha) at 75% Tassling growth stage. The interaction between nitrogen Fertilization treatmet and growth stages signifticantly affected of studied characters at both Locations except the % of leaves and % of protein cotent at Thaljah Location and leaves /plant at both Locations

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The study was conducted as attempt to obtain genetically modified Azotobacter vinilandii isolate able to fix nitrogen and dissolve phosphate at the same time and used different biological activity parameters (Bacterial count, relatively growth rate, available phosphorus in soil and amount of fixed nitrogen ) to compare between genetically and non-genetically modified A. vinilandii isolates.The transferring of a plasmid coding for dissolving phosphate were made according to Sam brook etal (1) to transfer the plasmid from local isolate of P.aeruginosa to local isolate of A. vinilandii. Results showed the superiority of genetically modified A. vinilandii was the best in all the parameter used above in comparison with the original selected local isolates (P. aeruginosa and A. vinilandii).Inoculation of soil with genetically modified A. vinilandii increase significantly (P<0.05) the available phosphorus was 28.1 mg/kg soil after 45 days inoculation in compare with non-genetically modified A. vinilandii which gave 16.2 mgkg available phosphorus.The efficiency of nitrogen fixation increased with modified genetically A. vinilandii isolate and reach to 157 mg total nitrogen /kg soil after 45 days of it incubation in soil while 130 mg total nitrogen /kg soil was recorded with the original A. vinilandii isolate. Results showed that all parameters which were used in the present study decreased when culture of the original isolate of (P. aeruginosa and A. vinilandii) were mixed and used.

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The research was Carried out in the apple orchard C.VAnna which was established in the Botanical Garden – College of Agriculture – Baghdad University Campus at Al-Jadriyah during the growing season of 2015,Afactorial experiment was carried out by two factors according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) the first factor included Nitrogen applied in three ways (without addition ,foliar application at 4 g N l-1 and ground addition at 50 g N tree-1) and the second factor includedapplyingChelated Iron Fe-EDDHA in three ways (without addition, foliar application at 20 mg l-1and ground addition at 20 g tree-1)the aim of this research was to study the effects of Nitrogen and Iron on the absorption of nutrients inapples seedlings. The Treatments were replicated three times with two seedlings per experimental unit.The results showed a significant increase in the concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium,total and active iron in the leaves with nitrogen and Chelated Iron treatments individually and with both methods of application,NSFeS( Nitrogen and Iron ground treatment )also gave a significant effect in increasing all parameters except for phosphorus content, the Nitrogen and Iron ground added treatments also surpassed the foliar applicated treatments as well as the control in all the traits except for Phosphorus content.

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AbstractIn present work, specific method was utilized for determining biologically atmospheric nitrogen fixing whichincludes three steps: digestion, distillation and titration. Nitrogen fixing was determined in seven species of localblue green algae isolates (in Mosul city), these species (Nostoc muscorum, Anabaena helicoidea, Arthrospiraplatensis, Lyngbya taylorii, Oscillatoria limnetica, Oscillatoria tenuies and Chroococcus limneticus). The bestincubation period which achieved a high amount of nitrogen fixing is fifteen day and it was reached to (20.80,19.01, 15.12, 12.48, 16.40, 16.60 and 8.01 mg/L) for understudy isolates, respectively. Also the highestpercentage of nitrogen fixing was achieved for understudy isolates which synomounosly increased withincreasing amount of nitrogen fixing, (1.48, 1.12, 1.22, 0.99, 1.28, 1.31 and 0.89%). Also, the results revealedthat the frequency of heterocysts of filamentous algae (Nostoc and Anabeana) was increased with increasingincubation period and for fifteen day. Generally, the highest rate of daily growth and weights of biomass wasachieved after fifteen day. Increasing of final pH was also observed as compared with initial pH for allunderstudy isolates and under affect all incubation period. This study revealed that the amount of nitrogen fixingfor tested isolates affected directly with exogenous nitrogen source supply into the medium, so the amount ofnitrogen fixing was increased because the utilized method determined the total amount of nitrogen in sample andalso the addition of nitrogen source into the medium stimulated the growth and elevated the biomass, proteincontent and percentage of nitrogen. Furthermore, the final pH increased significantly from initial pH under thiscondition. The results showed, a remarkable declined in heterocysts frequency when nitrogen source was addedto the medium. The effect of illumination regime on nitrogen fixation was also studied, the data revealed, that thetested isolates showed variation in their response under this condition. Nostoc, Anabeana and Arthrospirashowed maximum ability of nitrogen fixing when illuminated under (18 hour light :6 hour dark) while theremaining algae revealed maximum nitrogen fixing values when illuminated under continuous photoperiod, alsothe percentage of nitrogen fixing, the rate of daily growth rate, biomass weights and protein content showedsame manner.

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