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The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of [ 4’,4” -(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-[1,2,3-] selenadiazolo[4,5e] pyridine-4,6-diyl) bis(benzene-1,3-diol)] (T) on femalefertility and reproductive hormones, in addition histopathological examination of ovariesin comparison with the effects of Metamizole or Dipyrone (Di). Four groups of maturefemale rats each group consist of ten healthy female rats. Three groups received T and /orDi dissolved in drinking water 2mL (DW), the forth group received 2 mL of (DW) for 20days before mating and ten days after mating. The results indicated that there was asignificant increase in the number of births of (T) group (13.70±3.34) compared to DWgroup (9.7±1.06). Also, significant decline in T&Di group to (6.91±0.32), with nopregnancies reported in Di treated group. The pregnancy percentage was in T&Di groupbasically decline to 40% compare with T and DW groups 100%. Follicle stimulatingHormone (FSH) level showed a significant elevation (p<0.05) in T group (5.19mIU/mL157Bas.J.Vet.Res.Vol.18, No.1, 2019.±0.72), and T&Di (5.12 mIU/mL ±0.78) compared with DW (1.61mIU/mL±0.52), and Di(1.46 mIU/mL ±0.60) groups. LH concentration of T (1.88 mIU/mL ±0.48), and T&Di(1.67 mIU/mL ±0.41) groups LH values than in DW (1.75 mIU/mL ±0.67). Only in Digroup (0.88 mIU/mL ±0.48) LH value reduced significantly (p<0.05) than in other testgroups. T group (17.22 mIU/mL ±4.50) progesterone level; also T&Di groupprogesterone level (10.11 mIU/mL ±2.05) statistically important increase, while Di groupthere is essentially decreased (p<0.05) to (2.69 mIU/mL±0.89) compare to DW (6.31mIU/mL ±1.41). Histopathological results showed that ovarian section of Di groupdisclosed large cystic corpus luteum CC.L, absence of Graafian Follicles and follicles atdifferent stages of development. T group section showed normal Graafian follicles anddifferent follicles in developmental stages, as well as there were several persistencecorpus luteum. Ovary of T&Di female rats relieves improvement of some Graafianfollicles, Cystic corpus luteum (CC.L). Furthermore, there was some of clear C.L. It canbe concluded that T compound had a Good effect on the level of reproductive hormonesand increase fertility in female rats. While Di long term treatment had bad effects onfemale fertility, by affecting reproductive hormones levels and pathological change ofovaries

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The twenty adult local male rabbits of mean body weight of 1 kgm and mean age of 6 months were randomly allocated into two groups of ten animals, each group was fed during the period of experiment on a standard diet . The first group was regarded as control and received 3ml of physiological saline orally for a month. The second group was drenched ethanolic extract of Taraxacum officinale (500 mg/kg/day) for one month . Those male were joined with females after treatment for a week to study the effect on fertility and reproductive efficiency. The following results were obtained: The ethanolic extract of Taraxacum officinale caused highly significant increase (p<0.01) in AST and significant decrease (P<0.05) in ALT of intact treated male rabbits.The ethanolic extract has a significant decrease in the testicular weight, seminiferous tubules diameter and decrease in sperm count.The prolonged drenching of T.officinale extract caused infertility. Prolonged drenching of T.officinale extract showed clear histological changes on all organs studied (pituitary,thyroid glands and testes) as compared with control

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ABSTRACT _The fertility and viability rates of hydatid cysts obtained from livers and lungs ofgoat,camels and buffaloes were investigated .Out of (659) cysts (198 from goat,241 frombuffaloes and 220 from camels) .examined ,520(164 from goat ,156 from buffaloes and200 from camels were fertile (containing living protoscolices).The mean viability rates in-the liver cysts of goat camel and buffalo were (77.4%, 76.8% and 76.7%) respectivelywhereas those in the lung cyst of the same hosts,in the same order were 81.2% 75% and -84.65% respectively. The growth rate of lung cysts was slower than those of liver in allhosts investigated.. Three hosts investigated seem to be suitable hosts for Echinococcus granulosus.However ,goats seem to be the most significant host that contributes actively in Aperptuation of life cycle of this parasite in Iraq .

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Nowadays nanoparticles have widespread application in various industries because of their special and unique features, there are many studies in side effects of nanomaterial. This study done by 40 white female mice with every other day intraperitoneally injection of low and high doses of both of ZnO nanoparticles (20 and 150 μg/kg of body weight) and FeO nanoparticles (5 and 40 mg/kg). After a 15 days period, the mice were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for hormone analysis, and tissue samples for morphometric studies.Statistical Analysis shows significant differences in LH, Estrogen, Progesterone hormone levels between groups, while there are insignificant differences in Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level between the groups compared with its level in the control group.The results also show that the highest level of LH reach 7.2 mIU/ml in the groups treated with low dose of zinc oxide, the highest level of FSH reach 4.58 mIU/ml in the groups treated with low dose of zinc oxide, the highest level of Estrogen hormone reach 69.5 ng/ml in the groups treated with low of dose zinc oxide and the highest level of Progesterone reach 1.9 ng/ml in the groups treated with high dose iron oxide. We conclude from the results that the low doses of ZnO has benefits in increasing fertility through high level of reproductive hormones, while the high levels of nanoparticles reduce fertility and there is a relation between FeO nanoparticles and progesterone levels which may need more future studies.Morphometric study of the ovary show increase in Follicular stages number range in the group treated with Low dose ZnO in compare with its range in the control groups. The lower range was belong to the group treated with the high dose of FeO. No significant differences has been found in the diameter mean of the different follicular phases between the group treated with low dose of ZnO NPs in compared with the control group. High dose of ZnO NPs cause significant increase in the diameter mean of Primordial follicles in compared with the control group. Low and high dose FeO NPs treated groups show significant reduction in the diameter mean of the different follicular phases in compared with the control group.

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Background: The administration of antibiotics is of great value in the therapy of infections of male genital tract, which may have an effect on fertility. Antibiotics are generally prescribed for a variety of infections. A number of patients requiring assisted conception occasionally show evidence of reproductive tract infections. While fluoroquinolones being excessively prescribed in the treatment of male genital tract infections, too little information concerning their outcome on fertility are present.Objective: To estimate ciprofloxacin effects on sperm function parameters in addition to inspect whether ciprofloxacin can affect the integrity of sperm DNA.Methods:In the present study, 48 male adult rats were enrolled. The animals were randomly allocated into six groups; four ciprofloxacin treated groups, which were treated with either (40 mg/kg/day) or (80 mg/kg/day) of ciprofloxacin and 2 control groups. For each dose, the treatment maintained for either 14 days or 28 days. At the end of each duration of treatment, certain epididymal sperm function parameters: sperm morphological normality, sperm concentration and sperm motility were analyzed together with sperm DNA integrity analysis.Results: A significant reduction in sperm concentration, motility and percentage of morphologically normal sperm (in a dose dependent manner) was observed when ciprofloxacin administered for 28 days. The level of DNA fragmentation was significantly elevated with a significant reduction in sperm chromatin quality in ciprofloxacin treated groups whereas serum testosterone level was not significantly affected.Conclusion: Ciprofloxacin can adversely influence fertility parameters in male rat.Keywords: Fertility, Ciprofloxacin, Sperm DNACitation: Abd AH, Al-Dujaily SS, Al-Saray DA. Effects of ciprofloxacin on male fertility parameters and sperm DNA integrity in rats. Iraqi JMS. 2018; 16(4): 378-384. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.16.4.4

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In this work, sample of workers who are in contact with heavy metals were selected. Those were distributed as follow car customizers and welders (CW) (25), bakers (20) local power generator operators “operators” (15), and control men who their occupation was far from such contact (20). The study included measurement of testosterone, LH and FSH as fertility hormones, measurement of lead and cadmium (Cd) as heavy metals, and exposure to heat during the working day. Results showed that fertility hormones were within the control levels in all subjects; only a significant increase (p≤0.05) was recorded in LH in (CW) compared with control. Seminal fluid analysis (SFA), showed a decrease in total sperm count in all samples when compared with control. No significant raise was found in heavy metals in bakers, while a significant elevation of both types of heavy metals were recorded in blood of (CW) and (operators). It is concluded that occupation might result in elevating levels of heavy metals in welders and car customizers, and local power generator operators.

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The present study was conducted to identify the effect of oral administration of sodium fluoride (NaF) on histological changes of ovarian and uterine horns in mice. Sixty four mature female Swiss albino mice, Balb/C were divided into four major groups including control (C) group and treatment groups (T1 , T2 and T3) according to NaF dose as following 0 ppm, 200 ppm, 400 ppm and 600 ppm , respectively. Each major group was subdivided into two minor groups according to the period of administration in 10 and 15 weeks. Therefore, each minor group contains eight females. Histological changes were assessed includes ovarian diameter, number and diameter of growing ovarian follicle (GOF), Graafian follicles (GF) and corpus luteum (CL), diameter of uterine horn (UH), thickness of epithelial cell layer (ECL) lining the UH and diameter of uterine glands (UG).The results of ovarian histological changes showed a highly significant (P<0.01) reduction in the ovarian diameter, number and diameter of GOF, GF and CL for all treated groups T1, T2 and T3 as compared to control for both treatment periods (10 and 15 weeks). Within same treatment periods, histological examination of uterine horn observed highly significant (P<0.01) reduction in the diameter of UH, thickness of ECL and UG for all treated groups as compared to control. It was concluded that the administration of NaF to female mice have harmful effects on histological changes of ovaries and uterine horns; and consequently may have a negative effects on female fertility and fecundity.

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Fertility is a major need for all humans and obesity has been shown an important factor that may affect it. Resistin is one of the adipokines that have a relation with both fertility and obesity. The study aimed to measure the resistin levels in serum and seminal fluid of normal fertile (n=10), obese infertile (n=20) and Non obese infertile (n=10) individuals using the enzyme linked immunoassay method (ELIZA), Also conventional semen analysis was performed for each sample. Results revealed a highly significant increase (p<0.01) in serum resistine levels in normal fertile males (7.4 ng/ml) compared to both non-obese and obese infertile males (1.13, 3.01 ng/ml) respectively the same results for seminal plasma resistin levels (12.1 ng/ml) compared to (2.1, 5.35 ng/ml) respectively. The results give an indication that resistine may have an influence on the fertility of obese males and this need further investigations in the molecular field of research.

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Background and objective: Collective high fertility behaviors is a term that refers to mothers who had got married during their teenage and having parity of five or more living children with less than 24 months apart. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of collective high fertility behaviors among mothers in Mosul city, Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using a multi-stage stratified sampling method. Inclusion criteria included mothers in child-bearing age who had at least two living children. The required data were collected by filling an especially structured questionnaire in the eligible primary health care centers over a period of ten months, from April, 1st 2011 to the end of January 2012.Results: Among 1302 participants, the prevalence of high fertility behaviors was 17.7% within all age groups. The prevalence was significantly higher among Muslim, low social classes (P ˂0.001), nuclear family structure (P ˂0.001), consanguineous marriage (P ˂0.001) and low educated mothers and husbands (P ˂0.001). Conclusion: The study found that collective high fertility behaviors are prevalent among almost two out of ten mothers of all age groups in Mosul city. Thus, effective engagement of all human resources is recommended for constructing healthy fertility behaviors and confirming the non-reproductive role of women.

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This study was designed to determine the incidence rate of some fertility problems that occur in cows in some districts of Salah AL-Din province. Data were collected from the records of the documentation of the coming cases to the veterinary clinics in AL- Dhuluiya and Al-Tuz in Salah-addin province. The results of the statistical data showed that cases of dystocia, retained fetal membranes and metritis were the highest incidence of other genital problems in local Iraqi cows, while the incidence of uterine and vaginal prolapse was less than the incidence of other cases. The system of breeding and the quality of food used have the greatest effect on the proportion occurrence of various reproductive problems in local Iraqi cows.

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