The Effect of Bifidobacterium breve and Lactobacillus salivarius on the Gene Expression Involved in Patulin Biosynthesis Produced by Penicillium expansum

Abstract

Penicillium expansum produced the toxin patulin in pome fruits. To evaluate themolecular mechanism by which the treatment of probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium breve andLactobacillus salivarius could modulate patulin production, three genes involved in thebiosynthesis of patulin were measured using real time-PCR technique. The result of this studyfound that the supplementation with B. brave and L. salivarius down-regulate the relativeexpression of 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase (msas), ATP binding cassette transporter (ABC)and putative cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450-1) as well. Although, there is no effectof some strains on this expression. However, these finding suggested that these bacteriadecreased patulin production through effect on the genes responsible for its biosynthesiswhich can be the main mechanism by which patulin reduced in the presence of these bacteria.