The initial stability of dental implant with horizontal plate (An in vitro study)

Abstract

Background: The Initial (primary) stability is one of the factors that play an important role in the success of the dentalimplants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the initial stability of dental implant with horizontal plate by usingfive analytical tests: insertion torque, removal torque, resonance frequency analysis, push-in test and pull-out test.Materials and methods: Two different lengths of dental implants (5mm and 10mm) were tested in this study; eachdental implant was 4mm in diameter with a square threads shape of 1mm pitch and 0.5mm depth. The crestal areawas 4.2mm diameter contained a right angle margin circumferential ring while the apical area was tapered withtwo self-tapping grooves. In this study, the initial stability of dental implants’ design was compared with initial stabilityof dental implants of the same dimensions and design that engage horizontal plates of 1.5mm thickness at theapical part. All dental implants were implanted into a solid rigid polyurethane foam blocks (artificial bone) of0.48g/cm3 density and tested by the five initial stability tests. Each test was done with forty samples (twenty samplesof 5mm length and twenty samples of 10mm length).Results: The statistical analysis was performed and the result showed that there was very highly significant differencebetween dental implants with the horizontal plates and dental implants without the horizontal plates of both 5mmand 10 mm lengths in four initial stability tests which were insertion torque, removal torque, push-in test and pull-outtest. The statistical analysis of the resonance frequency analysis showed that there was non-significant differencebetween dental implants with the horizontal plates and dental implants without the horizontal plates of both lengths.Conclusion: These results implied that the dental implants with the horizontal plates had better primary stabilitycompared with the dental implants without the horizontal plates confirming that the horizontal plates enhanced theprimary stability of the dental implants