Effect of bio-fertilization on some traits of growth, yield, its components, and oil yield for different cultivars of Flax

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during the winter season 2017 at the Agricultural Research Station, Department of Field Crops, College of Agriculture, Al- Jadriya, in order to determine the effect of bio-fertilization on some traits of growth, yield, its components, and oil yield for different cultivars of Flax. The experiment was applied in the order of split plots, according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD), three replicates. The main plots included three cultivars of flax (Syrian, Egyptian and Iraqi), while the sub- plots represented three treatments for bio-fertilization (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azospirillum brasilense and mixture of two fertilizers) as well as treatment of chemical fertilizer NPK with recommended quantities (90 kg N.ha-1 and 120 kg P.ha-1 and 80 kg K.ha-1) and the control treatment (without bio-fertilization or chemical fertilization). The results showed that the Syrian cultivar achieved the best results for the number of main branches, the number of secondary branches and the number of fruit branches (5.11, 20.00, 111.75 branch.plant-1), respectively, the number of capsules (95.18 seed.capsules-1), the number of seeds in capsule (7.85 seed.capsule-1), the seeds yield (1.192 tons.ha-1) with an increase of (52.6, 17.4%) compared for the seeds yield of the Egyptian and local cultivars, respectively, As well as its superiority by giving it the highest average for oil yield amounted of (0.433 tons.ha-1), While the Egyptian cultivar by giving it the highest average weight of 1000 seeds (7.97 g), and the local cultivar achieved the highest average of the plant height (78.0 cm). The results showed that the bio-mixture treatment achieved the best results for plant height (76.2 cm) and the number of main branches, the number of secondary branches and the number of fruit branches (5.11, 20.01, 111.78 branch.plant-1), respectively, number of capsules (95.21 capsule.plant-1), the number of seeds in the capsule (7.90 seed.capsule-1) and the seed yield (1.112 tons.ha-1), with an increase of 39.0% for the control treatment, As well as its superiority by giving it the highest average of oil yield amounted of (0.406 tons.ha-1), while the bio-fertilizer treatment (P. Fluorescens) has excelled by giving it the highest average weight of 1000 seeds (8.19 g). The effect of the interaction between the two factors of the study was significant in the studied traits. In the bio-mixture treatment, the Syrian cultivar achieved the best results for most traits except the plant height, Where the local cultivar was excelled in it at the bio-mixture treatment and the weight of 1000 seeds, which the Egyptian cultivar has excelled when treating it with bio-fertilizer (P. fluorescens).