Study of Radio sensitivity in Tomato by Gamma Radiation

Abstract

The study was conducted in the field of Hort. Dept. College of Agriculture University of Baghdad during the two seasons 1993 and 1994 as a part of tomato breeding and improvement program by inducing mutation by experimental mutagenesis. In first program was study the radio sensitivity in tomato to determine the lethal doses and useful mutagenesis. Two tomato varieties of super marimand which were local and Gluss grow and five Radio doses were chosen. (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 Krad of gamma Co60).The result showed that lethal dose to tomato crop was between 45 and 60 krd gamma radiation. To determine doses of useful mutagenesis, six radio doses were chosen (0, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 krd) by using two tomato strains. The experiment was conducted by using a randomize complete block design. The strains were differ from each other in radio sensitivity and the radio sensitivity was increased as radio doses were increased. For induction of initial genetic material of mutagenesis breeding of plants wee done for two generation. In M1 the above two strains in addition to strains of Enka company were used. The experiment was conducted by using of split – plot design with three replications.The evaluation of radiation effects were done on M1 plants according to radio morphosims. The higher of plants were selected from local strains (526 selections) followed by strains of Gluss company (290 selections) and (40) selection from strain of Enka company. The radio doses were differ from each other in number of selected plants. Doses of 20, 25, 30 krd of the three strains had more number of selections. In M2 radio generation work was reduced and continued by using strains of Gluss grow company only. The number of variations selected in this generation was 109 variated. Dose of 25 krd was produced a higher number of variated followed by 20, 30, 35 and 40 krd doses, respectively.