Bacillus thuringiensis var . kuristaki Berliner as a biological control agent agaist lemon butterfly , Papilio demoleus L.(Lepidoptera :Papilionidae )

Abstract

The effects of Bacillus thuringiensis var . kuristaki were tested against lemon butterfly , Papilio demoleus , in laboratory . Four different concentrations of lyophilized form of the bacteria (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/ml) were used. The results indicated that there was a direct correlation between the mortality rate and bacterial concentration. Mortality rates were: 75%, 100%, 100%, and 100% at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/ml respectively. The data also revealed that the developmental period was extended due to bacterial application. Egg production was significantly reduced. Some developmental deformalities were observed in individuals that have been treated with 0.25 mg/m completed their development.