The Correlation Between Lipid Profiles and Macrosomia in Diabetic Pregnancies

Abstract

Background: Maternal diabetes is an important risk factor for development of fetal macrosomia. Studies showed that elevated lipid profile levels in third trimester of the diabetic pregnant women may predict the macrosomia of the newborn babies. Objective: To assess the relationship of elevated lipid profile levels in third trimester with the occurrence of macrosomia in diabetic pregnant women. Study design: A case control study. Setting: Carried out at AL- Yarmouk Teaching Hospital/ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology for one year from March 2011 to March 2012. Patients and Methods: A hundred pregnant women were enrolled in this study. Fifty women with diabetes mellitus (twenty six women with gestational diabetes mellitus, sixteen women had type 1diabetes mellitus, and eight women had type 2diabetes mellitus) and fifty healthy pregnant women taken as a control. Both groups were in the third trimester. The two groups were comparable for maternal age, gestational age, parity and body mass index. Blood samples were taken for measurement of serum lipid and sugar profile from both groups and correlated with the occurrence of macrosomia. Results: There were a significant and direct correlation between macrosomia and total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein cholesterols in diabetic groups (Gestational diabetes , type 1& type 2 DM ) in comparison to the control group (p=0.0275, 0.0001, 0.031, 0.0001). There was a significant inverse correlation between macrosomia and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetic group in comparison to the control group (p=0.043). Conclusion: Macrosomia in newborns of diabetic pregnant women is associated significantly with maternal dyslipidemia during the third trimester of pregnancy