Effect of Source of Explants and TDZ, IBA on Regeneration Plantlets of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. cv. Radicans via Tissue Culture

Abstract

This study was conducted in Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, AgricultureCollage, Basrah University, Basrah Governorate, Iraq during the period 23/ October/ 2013 to23/ May / 2014. The aims of this study can be summarized to effect the source of explantsand different concentrations of Cytokinins (TDZ), Auxins (IBA) on initiation, multiplicationand rooting explants in micropropagation of dwarf gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.)cultivar 'Radicans', Maximum successful response of shoot tips in vitro (100%) was noticed inMS medium enriched with different concentrations of TDZ (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg.L) in thepresence of NAA and GA3 0.2mg.L each, but the high rate of shoot number(1.8) and length(1.18 cm) obtained on MS medium containing 1 mg.L TDZ. Where, the rate value of leafwidth and numbers were increased only on MS medium fortified with low concentrations ofTDZ (0.5 and 1mg.L). On the contrary, nodal explants cultured on same medium failed toresponding, except the ones cultured on MS medium containing 1mg.L TDZ , showedmoderate rate value of average growth responding(66. 06%). Highest shoot and leaf numbersand leaf width recorded on MS medium containing 1 mg. L TDZ in the presence of NAA andGA3 0.2mg.L each (4.33 shoots. explant, 6.00 leaves. explant and 1.30 cm respectively).Whereas, highest shoot length (1.50 cm) recorded on MS medium fortified with 0.5 mg. LTDZ. However, small amount of white brownish callus raised around the nodes grown onmedium containing 0.5 mg. L TDZ, while big amount of the same callus was recognizedaround the nodes grown on MS medium containing 1.5 mg. L TDZ. Maximum root formationrate (100%) with high number of roots (7.33/plantlet), root length (7.33cm) and number ofsecondary roots (8.00. main root), were obtained within a short period (13.33 days) when themultiplied shoots transferred to½ MS medium enriched with 4mg.L IBA compared withanother treatments (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) mg. L. Also, it was found that the length of shoots andnumber of leaves were increased to (12 cm and 11.33 leaves. plantlet, respectively).