The relation of salivary glucose with dental caries and Mutans Streptococci among type1 diabetic mellitus patients aged 18-22 years

Abstract

Background: Diabetic is a chronic systemic disorder of glucose metabolism. That could be diagnosed using fastingand/or random plasma glucose and Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c). Several biochemical and microbial alterationsof saliva could affect dental caries occurrence and severity among diabetic patients. The aim of the present studywas to assess the relation of salivary glucose with severity of dental caries and Mutans Streptococci, amonguncontrolled and controlled diabetic groups in comparison with non-diabetic control group.Materials and Methods: The total sample composed of adults aged (18-22) years. Divided into 25 uncontrolleddiabetic patients (HbA1c > 7), 25 controlled diabetic patients (HbA1c ≤ 7), in addition to 25 non-diabetic healthylooking individuals. Fasting blood sugar was determined for the diabetic patients. The diagnosis and recording ofdental caries was according to severity of dental caries lesion through the application of D1_4MFS (Manji et al, 1989)and stimulated salivary samples were collected under standardized condition (Tenovuo and Lagerlöf, 1994). Salivaryglucose was estimated using spectrophotometric analysis. Viable count of mutans streptococci (on Mitis- SalivariusBacitracin Agar) was determined.Results: salivary glucose among uncontrolled diabetic group and controlled diabetic group were highly significanthigher than control group (p<0.01). Analysis among uncontrolled diabetic patients and non-diabetic control grouprevealed that the salivary glucose correlate positively highly significant with caries experience represented DMFS(p<0.01), while among controlled diabetic group the correlation was not significant in positive direction concerningDMFS (p>0.05). The correlation between salivary glucose and Mutans Streptococci among three groups was highlysignificant in positive direction (p<0.01).Conclusion: There are significant correlations between salivary glucose, severity of dental caries and mutansstreptococci in uncontrolled diabetic group