Study of Agronomical Performance of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties Under Varying Plant Densities

Abstract

The field experiments was conducated in two locations, the first was in Al-Hawija district 60 km North-western of Kirkuk city, while the second was in Kirkuk city for determination best rows spacing for modern bread wheat varieties (Cham 6, Cham 8, IPA 99, IPA 96, Abu-graib and Iraq) under Kirkuk governorate environmental conditions by cultivation on rows spacing (20, 25 and 30 cm) by using RCBD design with three replicates. The results showed that Cham 6 and Cham 8 varieties were significantly superior in No. of spike/m2 at two locations, while the Iraq variety was significantly superior in traits : spike length, No. of spikelets/spike, No.of grains/spike, 1000 grains weight and grain yield (6026.78 kg/ha) in Al-Hawija location and (5508.22 kg/ha) in Kirkuk location. Increase in row spacing from 20 to 30 cm caused a significantly increase in yield and it's components traits in two locations. There were a significantly interaction between varieties and rows spacing in most of traits were studied at two locations, Iraq variety at 30 cm row spacing gave highest grain yield at two locations (6400.33 kg/ha) in Al-Hawija location and (5683.33 kg/ha) in Kirkuk location. Locations were significantly effected on all traits were studied, Al-Hawija location signifi- cantly superior on Kirkuk location in all traits were studied, where the grain yield was more at Al-Hawija location by 4.7%. The study showed that Iraq variety was best performance compard with other varieties for most of agronomical traits in two locations, but Abu-graib variety was the lower performance compard with other varieties in two locations, the row spacing 30 cm was best row space in two locations. The 1000grains weight was greater yield components for explanation the variances of grain yield in this study.