Total Antioxidant Capacity and Some Risk Factors in Iraqi Smokers with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the major causes of mortality andmorbidity in the world. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play important role in thepathogenesis in myocardial infarction. Cigarette smoke is a major exogenous source of freeradicals which is a heterogeneous aerosol consisting of more than 4000 compounds including highconcentrations of free radicals, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Total antioxidant capacity(TAC) was studied in most cases in serum, and may be used as a marker of the body antioxidantstatus. The recent applications of the TAC status in medical and nutritional studies as well as futurepossible uses of TAC level as a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and prevention of respiratory,diabetes, heart and vascular system, chronic renal injury, neurological, cancer diseases.Aim: Study the correlation between the total antioxidant capacity level with lipid profile changingMaterials and Methods: This study was conducted during the period from Nov. 2014 to Sep. ,2015. Fifty eight patients presented with typical chest pain to the cardiac care unit in Al-HusseinTeaching Hospital, Al-Hussein Medical City/ Kerbela Health Directorate and Department ofBiochemistry–College of Medicine / University of Kerbala. The diagnosis was based on the clinicalhistory, presentation confirmed by ECG and various investigations of cardiac biomarker. Thirty fivepersons age – matched healthy volunteers were selected as a control group. The age, weight,height, lipid profile, TAC were measured in sera of all subjectsResults: The results revealed that serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL-C and LDL-C weresignificantly increased (P < 0.01) but serum HDL-C level was significant decreased (P < 0.01) innon-smoker AMI patients as compared with that found in non-smoker controls, while serum TAC ,BMI and age was non-significantly different between non-smoker patients and non-smoker healthycontrol groups (p > 0.05). The results of smoking AMI show non-significant differences in levels oftotal serum cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL-C, LDL-C and a significantly decreased in serum HDLCas compared with smoker control. On the other hand BMI was non-significantly differentbetween smoker patients and smoker healthy control groups (p > 0.05), while the results obtainedshow that a significant decrease in TAC in smoker AMI patient group in comparison with smokernormal control group (p < 0.05), and significant different age in smoker AMI patient group incomparison with smoker normal control group (p < 0.05).

Keywords

AMI, TAC, Lipid profile, ROS