RECYCLING AND TREATMENT OF AGRICULTURAL SOLID WASTES FROM TOWNS

Abstract

Abstract Many research aim at benefiting from the solid wastes of houses , grocers and fruit shops by converting there wastes to organic fertilizers using biological techniques to decompose the waste which, then, will be used as nutrition to agricultural lands. The fermented organic fertilizer increases the productivity of heavy crops and it erades the environmental pollution problem because it is discarded in great amounts annually. The objective of the present research was to study the influential factors in the decomposition of wastes to gain the optimal conditions that increase the velocity of decomposition and the amounts of nitrogen compounds that attain it through the use of some organisms to top-up there secondary product values to be weal as organic fertilizer. Solid wastes of agricultural products and kitchens have been collected from Ramadi city (Taameem Quarter). An initial information list has been designed and distributed in to 100 vegetable shop and 1000 houses and flats. The results have shown that the average of waste weight from agricultural sources from families was 2 kg / home / day and 10 kg /shop /day. Treatments were prepared by forming a mixture of waste with rock phosphate (RP) P%8, with mixing percentages 0 and 30%, Nitrogen quantity in urea fertilizer was modified from 0, 0.24% urea . Decomposition was carried out under aerial and unaerial conditions. Two types of aerial bacteria Azomonas and Streptomycetes were used .The sample was putin plastic cups of 5 kg weight solid phase . Humidity was demermined at 60%. All treatments were subjected to the specified conditions in the study for two months. Results of analyzing the decomposition products show that:-All treatments have undergone thermal changes between 22 - 23 Co except the treatment under the unaeral conditions which recorded a noticeable rise to reach its climax at the 5th and 6th weeks with an average between 60 – 64 Co . The smallest pH 5.18 was recorded in decomposition treatments under unaerial conditions followed by treatments using Azomonas bacteria with 6.61 average. Moreover, mixing urea decreased pH to an average of 6.43. The total carbon quantity significantly decreased to 53.8% (182 g. C / kg) before decomposition in the treatments with 30% RP mixing using Azomonas and urea 0.24% . The was a significant increase in the total nitrogen with 14.9, 19.1, 18.6 % and 27.5% percentages, using Azomonas isolate and 30% RP mixing . C:N reached its lowest levels after the decomposition in Azomonas treatments 8:1 , 12.6:1 , 9.5:1 ,14.1:1. The upheld treatment urea 0.24% and RP O% under aerid conditions showed the highest levely of humic acids which was 12.65 g/kg.The beast treatment for dissolving phosphate composition was RP 30% and urea 0.24% under unaerial conditions , or using Azomonas provided 23.2 and 22.6 g p/kg with a dissolve ratio of 82.3% and 80.1%, respectively 0f total phosphate comositions. The higest quantity of phynol was 2.24 g/kg from treatment RP 30% and urea 0% under unaerial conditions, while the lowest quantity was between 0.23 and 0.75 g/kg with the control treatments and Azomonas. The best numerical density of microbes 8.35 Log cfu/ g was achived from the use of streptomycetes bacteria.