Effect of Field Decomposition Period of Wheat Residues on Some Growth Characters and Yield of Corn (Zea Mays L.)

Abstract

The Effect of field decomposition period of wheat residues in some growing characters of corn was examined in Samaraa ,Salah- Aldin governorate in spring and autumn growing seasons 2016 . Three varieties (Fajir-1,Sarah,and Bagdhdad-3) and four decomposition periods (A1) control (without residues) (A2 , A3 , A4)decomposition period for 6,3 and 0 days before planting respectively were arranged in R.C.B.D with three replication in factorial experiment. Emergence percentage, leaf area and dray weight ( estimated two times), Net assimilation rate (N.A.R) and Crop Growth Rate (C.G.R) were recorded in both seasons.Variety Baghdad-3 significantly surpass other varieties in emergence percentage at both seasons (97.80 , 92.91%) respectively , leaf area in spring first estimation(540.41 cm2) and in autumn second estimation (4523.5 cm2 ). varietiy Baghdad-3 obtained the lowest value in N.A.R and highest value in C.G.R. No significant differences were observed among the effect of decomposition treatment in emergence percentage character . A3 Decomposition treatment was significantly reduced leaf area to lowest value in spring first estimation and second fall estimation. In contrast A4 treatment suppressed leaf area in spring second estimation to lowest value. A3 treatment had the greater allelopathic effect in fall season and reduced dry weight (second estimation) , N.A.R and C.G.R. to 77.89 gm, 1.552 gm.m-2.day-1 ,13.798 gm. m-2.day-1 respectively . A4 caused the most allelopathic effect in spring season to such characters (80.1 gm, 1.0253 gm. m-2.day-1, 10.660 gm. m-2.day-1 respectively).