Study for Karyotype analysis to wheat genotypes introduced Iraq Triticum aestivum L

Abstract

Triticum aestivum L This research aimed to study of four genotype of wheat introduced to Iraq from CIMMYT and to determine their genetic stability using cytological. Genotypes were grown in Petri dishes for cytological studies that included the number of chromosomes in the somatic cells at the root tip. The cytological. Studies regarding the number of somatic chromosomes in the meristermatic cells of the root tip revealed that they were in genetic stability on the level of chromosomal number and in a state of Eupliod in all the investigated genotypes. This considered as an indicator and a proof of genetic stability of the studied genotypes. The result showed that Karyotype analaysis red to existence of four genomes ( A, B ,and D) and the numder of chromosomes in each genome was seven .The total number of chromosomes for the studied genotypes was 2n=42=6x which indicated that the genotypes were bread wheat . But differences in the Long arm, Short arm. Relative length and Centro mere among four genotypes were obtained.