The Effect of Body Mass Index on the Use of Antiemetic Drugs and Hyperemesis Gravidarum Required Hospitalization

Abstract

Objectives: To assess whether the pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI in kg/m²) was associated with the use of antiemetic drugs in early pregnancy and or with hospital admission for hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).Study design: Prospective observational study.Patients methods: one hundred and fifty pregnant patients were included in this study , had been seen at there booking visit they were ,not smoker , at least complete their primary school ,know there weight prior to pregnancy, pregnant with singleton viable intrauterine pregnancy . Full history , clinical examination and measurement of their BMI(kg/m) then divided in to four groups, According to WHO classification of BMI patients were four groups : <18.5 kg/m² (under weight) ,18.5-24.9kg/m² (normal weight) ,25-29.9kg/m² (over weight) ≥30kg/m² (obese), The patients keep on regular follow up ,and informed to return once sever nausea and vomiting developed(nvp) that sever required medication and when hospital admission is indicated for hyperemesis gravidarum(HG).Result: Underweight women were significantly used antiemetic drugs in early pregnancy p value <0.02 , relative risk(RR)= 1.54 and confidence interval (CI 95%) = 1.o5-2.26 and become significantly hospitalized for hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) P value < 0.02 ,with RR = 2.17 and (CI 95%) =1.10-4.26 compared to ideal weight women, Obese women were significantly used less antiemetic drugs P value <<0.04 , RR= 0.49 and CI(95%) =0.24-0.97,and required hospitalization for (HG) less, but not reach the level of significance P value< 0.05 , RR= 0.14 , CI(95%) = 0.018-1.03 compared with ideal weight women, No statistical significant difference was found between over weight women compared with ideal weight women regarding antiemetic drugs used and hospitalization.Conclusion: The used of anti emetic drugs and HG required hospitalization significantly more in women with under weight.Key words: BMI, hyper emesis gravid arum, nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.