Urinary Tract Infection Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance A Retrospective Study in Basra Governorate, Iraq

Abstract

Abstract:Urinary tract infections (UTIs) is one of the most common infectious diseases, due topresence of bacteria in urine together with symptoms, and sometimes signs, of inflammationlike frequent micturation, dysuria, pyuria, nucturia, fever, and haematuria, most commonlyoccurring in women. Antimicrobial agents are among the most frequently prescribed drugs forUTIS, in other hand the high consumption of often inappropriately prescribed antibioticscombined with crowding, multiple pathology and frequent uses of invasive devices are themajor factors contributing to high level resistance.This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of microorganisms inUTIs and the pattern of antimicrobial utilization and their susceptibility also the risk ofdifference in sex on UTIs in Basra, Iraq.The study was conducted at the urology wards in Al-Basra General Hospital, Al-Fayhaa General Hospital, Alsader Teaching Hospital and Al-Mowani General Hospital inBasra, Iraq, where the data collected after getting approval from the institutional ethicalcommittee. Ninety patients were included and accepted. The sensitivity results from the fileswere further confirmed by reviewing the hospital laboratory archives.This study showed a high prevalence of UTIs in female compared to male. Among theculture positive, patients had E. coli (higher percent) and remaining had Pseudomonas Spp.,Proteus Spp., Klebsiella Spp, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus Spp. infections.Regarding antibiotic sensitivity pattern, the pathogens showed more sensitivity to imipenemfollowed by amikacin and less frequency to ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin and amoxiclave,while the lowest sensitivity were shown in co-trimoxazole and cefotaxime.In conclusion E.coli is the most important cause of UTIs in Basra, Iraq with highprevalence ratio in females. Imipenem and amikacin are the first line drugs irrespective of thecausative agent for UTIs., while cefotaxime and co-trimoxazole resistance are very high.Key Worde: Urinary tract infections (UTIs), Antibiotics, Resistance.