Been studying some of the variables biochemical disease in viral hepatitis C (HCV) Cities of Baghdad and Baquba, samples including (60) person with hepatitis epidemic type c chronic ,including (38) men and 22) women for(2010- 2011) age of (4012±15) years ,with (60) person healthy for comparison purpose include (40) men and (20) women aged between (395±12) years were also excluded patients with kidney disease, diabetes and heart. The estimated level of Tsp and the enzymes S-GOT,S-GPT and was measurement,also MDA and SOD and we were measured with some trace elements like Cu, Mg, Fe and Zn , found there is a decrease in the level of Tsp (684±08 g/L ) in healthy(84±123 g/dL )and high level of enzymes in S-GOT, S-GPT (86.43 ± 1.88 mU / mL), (47.73 ± 1.2 IU / L)respectively as compared with healthy persons( 21.11 ± 1.32 mU / mL), (19.54 ± 1.22 IU / L) and a rise in the level of SOD, MDA (18.77 ± 1.51 U / g Hb), (0.45 ± 0.08 nmol / mL), respectively, than in healthy (14.63 ± 1.44 U / g Hb), (0.18 ± 0.06 nmol / mL) , also noted there is a decrease in the level of Zn (3.33 ± 0.18 mg / dL) than in healthy (4.21 ± 0.11 mg / dL) and a rise in the level of Cu, Mg and Fe (3.74 ± 0.14 mg / dL), (21.78 ± 0.52 mg / dL), (2.14 ± 0.07 mg / dL), respectively, compared to healthy persons (2.51 ± 0.09 mg / dL),(mg / dL 18.55 ± 0.42), (1.99 ± 0.05 mg / dL)

HCV --- Antioxidant --- Free radical --- Trace element --- مضادات الاكسدة،الجذور الحرة ، العناصر النزرة ،C التھاب الكبد الفیروسي نوع

في ھذا البحث النظري أجریت دراسة مقارنة للخواص الشیئیة والمسقطیة للعدسات المغناطیسیة ثنائیة القطب غیر المتناظرة وغیر المشبعة مغناطیسیا والتي یتمثل توزیع كثافة فیضھا المغناطیسي المحوري ببعض النماذج الریاضیة المعروفة في بصریات الإلكترون والتي لھا شكل قطب متشابھ تقریبا، وھي أنموذج كلازر الناقوسي الشكل، النموذج للأس الثلاثة أنصاف والنموذج للأس أربعة. إن أھمیة البحث تكمن في معرفة أي من النماذج الثلاث لھا خواص شیئیة ومسقطیة أفضل من غیرھا، حیث لم یسبق أن تطرق الباحثین إلى مثل ھذه الدراسة من قبل.

electronic optics magnetic lenses design --- optical properties of electron lences --- بصریات الالكترون ، تصمیم العدسات المغناطیسیة، الخواص البصریة لعدسة الكترونیة

Stones are a hard mass developed from crystals mineral material separate from the urine and formed within the kidney or the bladder , which may lead to block the flow of urine. This study concentrated on accuracy of intravenous urogram and Ultrasound in diagnosis of renal stones . A total number of patients was 75 ( 51 patient were males and 24 patient were females ) their mean age was (30 ) year, all of them suffering from renal disease. They were collected from Teaching Baquba hospital. All patients were examined by ultrasound and intravenous urogram . The result of intravenous urogram were be: - 41 patient have kidney stones . - 16 patient have stones in the ureter . - 18 patient have bladder stones . The result of ultrasound were be : - 41 patient have kidney stones . - 11 patient have stones in the ureter - 5 cases were diagnosed as healthy persons. - 18 patient have bladder stones. We conclude that the accuracy of intravenous urogram was 100 % while the accuracy of ultrasound was 93.3 % .

Renal stones --- I. V. U --- حصيات الجهاز البولي --- الأشعة الملونة للجهاز البولي

The effect of ageing on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system was evaluated in this study . for this purpose , we determined MDA as a marker of lipid peroxidation , reduce glutathione , uric acid as well as catalase and glutathione-s-transferase in serum of 84 male healthy individuals (non-smokers). These subject were divided in to three groups: group 1 ( n=28;25-34 years old) ; group2 ( n= 28;35-44 years old ); group3 (n= 28;45-63years old ). The result showed increased level of MDA and were observed as the stage of age increased (p >0.05). whereas there is a depletion in GSH level related to age increase ( p< 0.05), which indicate that the low level of GSH in the circulation may be due to their increased utilization to scavenge lipid peroxide. There was higher levels of catalase and GST in group3 compared with others. Group2 showed lower level in haemoglobin and higher level in albumin in compared with other groups (p<.0.05). no meaningful differences were found in terms of serum total protein and uric acid levels.

Age --- Lipid peroxidation --- Antioxidant --- العمر ، اكسدة الشحوم ، مضادات الاكسدة

4-amino sulphamethaoxazole was reacted with chloro acetyl chloride to convert the amino group to 4-chloro acetyl amino sulphamethaoxazole (compound 1).The amide was then allowed to react with potassium thiocyanate to prepare 4-(2-imino-4-oxo-thiazolidinyl) compound(2) which contained thiazolidinone ring. Some aromatic amines were reacted with 4-chloro acetyl amino sulphamethaoxazole compound (1) to prepare 4-substituted anilino acetyl amino sulphamethaoxazole compounds (1A-H). 4-(2-imino-4-oxo-thiazolidinyl) Compound (2) was reacted with different aromatic aldehydes to prepare 4-(5-arylidene-2-imino-4-oxo-thiazolidinyl sulphamethaoxazole) compounds (2A-H). The prepared compounds were identified and for the prepared compounds such as (1D,1H,2,2B,2E) 1H-n.m.r. spectra was used.

4-amino sulphamethaoxazole --- thiazolidinone --- N-acetyl amino compounds --- مركبات 4-امينوسلفاميثااوكساسول --- ثايازوليدينون --- N-استيل امينو

From the ancient times, Man had known lead. He used it in so many fields. Lead impairs Man’s health.This impairmant appears on environmental and professional levels. Lead enters human’s body through food, drink,air and it is absorbed by the skin because of the use of cosmatics in which lead is an ingredient. The aim of this study to diagnose the lead toxication by studying haematological changes of blood cells of those who are exposed to lead and then comparing the results with blood of persons who are not exposed to lead.This study is done through the period from July to end of september , 2011 in Al-Jamhiri and Al-Andulus quarters at the centre of Anbar province. Hundred samples have been collected; forty samples are collected from generators employees and those who work in cars mending. Sixty samples are from persons who are not exposed to lead. All samples are collected from the quarters mentioned. Also, samples are collected from women who are not exposed to lead to measure lead toxication in men and women and then compair the results to the normal level.It is concluded that there are changes in blood of persons who are exposed to lead. These changes differ from those who are not exposed to lead. It is apparent that there is reduction in total count ofwhite and red blood cells.

Lead exposure- workers electric generator --- تأثير الرصاص --- عمال المولدات الكهربائية

Sunflower yield is determined by seed (kernel) number / m –2 and by achene (fruit) weight. Two pot experiments were carried out during two successive seasons to investigate localized effect of GA, Kinetin or mixture of both on sink site and filling in tow cultivars of sunflower plant. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design in a factorial arrangement with tow cultivars (Flame and Euroflore) and four plant growth regulators treatments ( (Control , GA3 ,Kinetin and ( GA3 +Kinetin) ) with four replications . GA 200 ppm, Kinetin 200 ppm and (GA 200+Kinetin 200) ppm each were applied to the buds at opening stage (45 after sowing). Comparable plants in control were treated with distilled water. At maturity, heads were divided into four equal parts across the center. Each of these four parts was further divided into 1 /3 equal portions i. e. peripheral, middle and central. Data were recorded on seed weight, number of total seeds and filled seeds for each portion, then percent increase in number of seed, percent increase in number of filled seed و percentage of filled seed and mean weight of seed were calculated. For both cultivars plant growth regulator (PGRs) applications gave higher number of total seeds, number of filled seeds and percentage of filled seed in all the three portions and improved mean of seed weight in both seasons and as a mean of seasons as compared to their respective controls. The most effective treatment was (GA 200 + Kinetin 200) ppm. Flame cultivar was superior over Euroflore in number of total seeds, number of filled seeds and percentage of filled seeds in all the three portions and in mean of seed weight in both seasons and as a mean of seasons.

Sunflower --- GA --- Kinetin --- Seed setting --- seed filling --- زهرة الشمس ، الجبرلين ، الكاينتين ، عقد البذور ، ملء البذور

The aim of the present work is to determine the alpha particle concentration in soil samples emitted from the radioactive elements (radio nuclides) (U-238,Th-232,Ra-226 and Po-218) in soil samples by using nuclear track detector (CR-39) from area situated in Anbar governorate (Ameria-AL-Falluja,AL-Falluja,AL-Garma,Rawa,AL-Habania,AL-Saqlawia). The results obtained have shown that the highest average alpha particle concentration in soil samples was found in Ameria-AL-Falluja region which was (4.79 ppm), while the lowest average alpha particle concentration was found in AL-Saqlawia region which was (1.26 ppm) .

: alpha particle concentration --- soil samples --- nuclear track detector (CR-39). --- مطلقات الفا --- نماذج التربة --- تقنية عد أثار جسيمة الفا.

The aim of this research is to measure temperature distribution during cutting of mild steel process. Carbon dioxide laser is employed as a point heat source. Oxygen gas jet with low pressure is also used Coaxially with the laser beam to produce more energy in order to reduce the laser power consumed for this process. Relationship between temperature and distance beyond the cut edge ( marking path ) was found Non contact technique is adopted to achieve the target.

temperature --- Co2 Laser --- Oxygen gas --- processing --- درجة الحرارة --- ليزر ثاني اوكسيد الكاربون --- غاز الاوكسجين --- المعالجة

Considerable numbers of physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters were measured at seven stations in Shatt Al-Arab and North- west Arabian gulf during the period extended from winter 1994 to autumn 1995. The observed densities of oil- degrading bacteria were comparable to those reported for the same region. In general higher densities were observed in summer, while the lower densities were recorded in autumn. Statistical treatments of the monitored parameters demonstrated the following: 1. Stations 4,6 and 7 revealed a different trend in their distribution functions of the measured environmental parameters varied significantly of the situations of other stations. 2. Summer season showed dissimilar mode of variations dynamic, different largely, of the rest seasons, while winter and autumn were coordinated- approximately, in the same patterns of responsibility and distribution functions. 3. Same groups of environment parameters were marked in highly percentages of representation in the principal components reflecting specific signification effects of these parameters on the studied circumstances and occurred fluctuations.

oil degrading bacteria (ODB) --- oil --- pollution --- البكتريا المكسرة للزيت - الزيت - التلوث