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ABSTRACT
Helicobacter pylori gastritis is characterized by colonize the stomach and induce strong, specific local and systemic humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of several cytokines and their role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori gastritis and whether H. pylori stimulate the release of these cytokines. The levels of TH1 (IFN-γ and TNF-α) and TH2 (IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) cytokines, as well as, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α and IL-8) were determined. Most of the investigated cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α and GM-CSF) showed a significantly increased level in the sera of H. pylori gastric patients as compared to subjects (control) with no infection which showed normal serum interleukin levels. While IL-10 showed significant decrease when compared to subjects. These results conclude the pro-inflammatory cytokines have a central role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-induced mucosal inflammation.
ABSTRACT
The microflora is essential for immune education and amplification of lymphoid effector cells, mainly at the mucosal level. It is well documented that the efficacy of the mucosal immune system can be significantly impaired in germ-free animals. In this study the bacteria used as antigens (mitogen) to the stimulation of human immune cells in vitro. Gram-positive Streptococci spp and gram-negative Escherichia coli was investigated. The stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by the various bacterial strains induced a differential cytokine pattern. Streptococci and E. coli significantly (P ≤ 0.001) induced gamma interferon (IFN- ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12). All bacteria mediated the proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Proliferate activity of lymphocytes was observed when mitogens were added. The MTT is employed to assess the response of lymphocytes to a mitogen. Bacteria and PHA was effective in inducing the MTT index of lymphocytes. Therefore, PHA, gram-positive bacteria, and gram-negative bacteria showed a high significant (P ≤ 0.001) increased percentage of MTT index (96.4, 88.2 and 74.7 %, respectively) as compared to control subjects (42.5%) with no treatment.
The present study was designed to investigate some epidemiological and serological study, in a sample of Thi-Qar, Basarh, Missan provinces south of Iraq. The sample included (32) patients, who were attending the (Basrah oncology and hematology center) in Basrah province , (Clinical oncology unit) at Thi-Qar province and (AL-Shefaa oncology center) at Misan province .The diagnosis was made by the consultant medical staff, which was based on a history inspection, clinical examination and evaluations of serum PSA level. The epidemiological results revealed that there were a significant differences in the distribution of prostate cancer, where Basrah province recorded the highest percentage ( 75% ) of prostate cancer in comparison with Thi- Qar in percent ( 15.6% ) , and ( 9.3%) in Missan. Our results revealed the highest number of patients filled in age (60-69) years and age (≥ 70) years, and low numbers in age group(50-59) years represented by (43.75, 40.62, and 15.62%, respectively). The serological study revealed that PSA level was increased with age, where the PSA level (>20 ng/ml) recorded the highest percentage (25%) by agegroup (≥ 70) years and followed by age group (60-69) years which recorded (18.7%), while the age group (50-59) years not recorded any percentage in PSA level (>20 ng/ml).
صممت الدراسة الحالية بهدف البحث عن بعض الجوانب الوبائية و المصلية والنسيجية المرضية و المناعة الوراثية لمرضى سرطان البروستات. في عينة من محافظات الجنوب (ذي قار و البصرة وميسان). شملت العينة (32) مريض مصاب بسرطان البروستات الذين كانوا يراجعون مركز دم و اورام البصرة في البصرة و وحدة الاورام السريرية في ذي قار و مركز الشفاء في ميسان. شخصت الحالة من قبل الاطباء الاختصاص واعتمد التشخيص على تاريخ الحالة المرضية والفحص السريري وتقييم مستوى المستضد المصلي الخاص بالبروستات. النتائج الوبائية اثبتت ان هنالك فروقات معنوية لانتشار سرطان البروستات , حيث سجلت محافظة البصرة اعلى نسبة (75%) لسرطان البروستات بالمقارنة مع محافظة ذي قار بنسبة (15.6%) و(9.3%) في محافظة ميسان.النتائج اثبتت العدد الكبير من المرضى كان في الاعمار (60-69 و 70≤) سنة و اقل عدد في الاعمار(50-59) سنة مثلت بالنسب (43.75% و 40.62% و 15.62% على التوالي). الدراسة المصلية اثبتت ان مستوى المستضد الخاص بالبروستات يزداد مع العمر , حيث مستوى المستضد الخاص بالبروستات (20< نانوغرام/مل) سجل اعلى نسبة (25%) لمجموعة الاعمار (70≤) سنة تليها مجموعة الاعمار(60-69) سنة والتي (18.7%) بينما مجموعة الاعمار(50-59) سنة لم تسجل أي نسبة في مستوى المستضد الخاص بالبروستات (20< نانوغرام/مل).
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