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Abstract It is previously reported that cancer prognosis is affected by mutations of P53 gene. However, the prognostic significance of P53 mutated gene detection in breast cancer is a subject demanding numerous investigations in a view of numerous facts such as presence of different tumor subtypes, P53 positivity in early breast cancer, different overall survival and disease free period as well as variability of tumor response to chemotherapeutic agents and presence of primary resistance of tumor among patients whether same or different grade and stage. Hence, it is of interest to detect this mutated gene in our area and evaluate its relation to other prognostic factors in terms of age, stage, histological grade and lymph node status. This study aimed to evaluate the relation of P53 mutated gene expression in female with breast cancer in respect to the other prognostic factors such as age, grade, stage and lymph node status. Fifty female patients diagnosed as a breast cancer, underwent clinical and pathological staging (I,IIA,IIB,IIIA,IIIB,IIIC, and IV), histopathological grading (I,II,III). All patients underwent same surgical operation which was modified radical mastectomy and axillary dissection. All specimens were sent to histopathological study and P53 mutated gene detection study by using immunohistochemistry (IHC). P53 mutated gene was detected by immunohistochemistry in 72% of patients with breast cancer. P53 positivity showed a statistically significant direct proportion to histological grade, stage and lymph node status. In addition, more P53 mutated gene expression was detected in younger patients (age group ≤49 years old) and this probably explaining more advance stage observed in this group in this study. All these data leads to a conclusion that the presence of mutated p53 gene is associated with worse prognosis. This study detected P53 mutated gene by IHC for the first time in our region and showed a statically significant association between status of P53 gene mutations and the other prognostic factors such as age, histological grade, stage and lymph node status and consequently to tumor aggressiveness and thereafter to prognosis.

P53 GENE --- BREAST CANCER LYMPH NODES